- 期刊
高海拔茶園低溫凍霜害防護策略研究探討
Research on the Protection Strategies of Low Temperature and Frost Damage in High-altitude Tea Plantation
摘要
本試驗目的為研究茶樹遭逢低溫凍霜害時之防護策略與後續生育影響之觀察，試驗地點擇定南投縣仁愛鄉屯原茶區海拔約2,000公尺之高海拔坡地茶園，探討短時間灑水、長時間灑水與應用防霜扇3種策略，對茶樹遭受低溫凍霜害之防護效果與減災能力，及觀察遭逢凍霜危害後對後續茶樹生長之影響；並運用空拍圖輔以顏色分析，探討不同處理茶園之受災差異。研究結果以防霜扇對茶樹低溫凍霜危害之保護能力最佳，且除遭遇低溫後短時間生長遲緩外，其他部分影響甚微；短時間灑水處理幾乎無保護之效果，茶芽嫩葉受損程度達80%左右，無法採收，與周邊未處理組相似；長時間灑水處理的防護能力介於防霜扇與短時間灑水之間，近50%之茶芽嫩葉尚可維持翠綠色，但常有受損與未受損2者混雜現象，不利茶菁品質與採收作業；同時觀察到灑水處理組別均有造成後續茶樹生長遲延之情況。而顏色分析結果則能夠與現場觀察茶芽受損程度相互呼應。綜觀而言，以防霜扇處理對茶樹低溫凍霜害之防護效果最佳，且較不會影響茶樹後續之生長發育。
並列摘要
This study aimed to develop the protection strategies of low temperature and frost damage on tea and to observe the subsequent growth effects. A high-altitude sloping tea plantation at 2,000 meters altitude in Tunyuan, Renai Township, Nantou County was selected as the experiment fields. Three protection methods involved short-term water sprinkling, long-term water sprinkling, and wind machine were used to evaluate protection effect for tea against low temperature and frost damage. Meanwhile, we also observed the impact of low temperature and frost damage on the afterwards tea plant growth. In here, the analysis mainly rely on aerial photograph supplemented by color. The results showed that the wind machine prevented tea plants from low-temperature and frost damage. Under treatment of water sprinkling for short term, tea buds and young leaves reached about 80% damage and could not be harvested then, same as the untreated tea plantation. The protection effect of the treatment, water sprinkling for long term, was better than short term but lower than wind machine. Despite about 50% of the tea buds and young leaves could maintain emerald green under long-term water sprinkling, mixed damaged and undamaged tea tree increased the obstacle to harvest. Furthermore, both of the water sprinkling for short term or long term treatments caused the growth retardation of tea, subsequently. On the other hand, the result of color analysis on aerial photograph was similar with field observation in degree of damage to tea buds. In conclusion, the treatment of wind machine showed the best protection effectiveness against low temperature and frost damage on tea, without negatively affecting growth of tea tree.