- 期刊
The Nutritional Status of Iron, Folate, and Vitamin B-12 of Buddhist Vegetarians
佛教素食者之鐵、葉酸及維生素B-12之營養狀況
摘要
本研究比較韓國素食者與非素食者之鐵、葉酸及維生素B-12之營養狀況。研究對象之素食者共54位比丘尼，其飲食除了乳製品以外，其它動物性來源食品皆不攝取。在非素食者部分分成兩組，分別為31位修女及31位女性大學生。研究方法：使用三天飲食記錄，同時收集血液樣本，分析完整血液指標與血清鐵蛋白、葉酸及維生素B-12濃度。結果發現不同飲食組別，其血紅素濃度沒有顯著差異。另外素食者血清鐵蛋白與血比容百分比，與有較高動物食品攝取量，及較低維生素C攝取量之非素食的大學生組相比，沒有顯著差異；但是與適量動物性食品攝取，及較高維生素C攝取之非素食修女組相比，則有較低的情況。除了一位素食者與一位非素食的大學生以外，所有研究對象的血清維生素B-12濃度與葉酸濃度，都在正常的範圍之內。在素食者發現，維生素C攝取量與血清鐵蛋白濃度存在正相關，另外紫菜攝取量與血清維生素B-12濃度也存在正相關。為了達到適當的鐵營養狀況，必須同時考慮鐵的攝取量及其生物利用率。適量血清葉酸濃度反映出受試者蔬果攝取充足。最後發現韓國的紫菜是素食者維生素B-12很好的來源。
並列摘要
Nutritional status of iron, folate, and vitamin B-12 in vegetarians were assessed and compared with those of non-vegetarians in Korea. The vegetarian subjects were 54 Buddhist nuns who ate no animal source food except for dairy products. The non-vegetarians were divided into two groups: 31 Catholic nuns and 31 female college students. Three-day dietary records were completed, and the blood samples were collected for analyzing a complete blood count, and serum levels of ferritin, folate, and vitamin B-12. There was no difference in hemoglobin among the diet groups. The serum ferritin and hematocrit levels of vegetarians did not differ from that of non-vegetarian students with a high intake of animal source food but low intake of vitamin C, and the levels were lower than that of non-vegetarian Catholic nuns with a modest consumption of animal source food and a high intake of vitamin C. The serum vitamin B-12 levels of all subjects except one vegetarian and the serum folate levels of all subjects except one non-vegetarian student fell within a normal range. In vegetarians, there was a positive correlation between the vitamin C intake and serum ferritin levels as well as between the laver intake and serum vitamin B-12 levels. In order to achieve an optimal iron status, both an adequate amount of iron intake and its bioavailability should be considered. Sufficient intake of vegetables and fruits was reflected in adequate serum folate status. Korean laver can be a good source of vitamin B-12 for vegetarians.