情緒療癒繪本促進樂齡者心理健康之探索性研究－以繪本《艾瑪畫畫》為例

臺灣已邁入高齡社會。當代55歲以上的樂齡者，常因個人生理、心理及外在環境的劇變，而衍生情緒困擾問題，導致負面情緒積累，甚至影響身心健康。尤其，不少樂齡者皆因子女成長離家或自職場退休，而覺得生活失去重心，並衍生失落感。專家學者指出，閱讀適當的素材，能協助沉鬱不安的個體舒緩負面情緒，進而恢復身心的恬然安適，達到情緒療癒之效，此即「發展性書目療法」的精神。其中，繪本文字較少、言簡意賅、寓意深遠，是適合樂齡者閱讀的素材。爰此，研究者邀請5位遭遇上述情緒困擾問題之樂齡者，進行探索性研究。在受訪者閱讀繪本《艾瑪畫畫》後，研究者即採用半結構式深度訪談法，探討此繪本之情緒療癒功能。研究結果顯示，受訪之樂齡者在閱讀此繪本後，能產生認同、淨化、領悟之情緒療癒效用。準此，研究者建議，圖書館與樂齡服務產業相關機構，可運用繪本《艾瑪畫畫》，引領樂齡者舒緩負面情緒，並促進心理健康，重啟健康幸福人生。

關鍵字

繪本；樂齡者；情緒療癒；心理健康；發展性書目療法

並列摘要

In Taiwan, an aged society, the elderly now may have to deal with emotional disturbance problems. The emotional disturbance, such as loneliness and low self-esteem, are probably caused by lack of social engagement, health decline, and the changes of their lives. Emotional disturbance problems will not only make some elderly feel depressed and helpless, but also increase the risks of mental illness, influencing the elderly's both physical and mental health. Reading can be a guide for the elderly who encounter emotional disturbance problems, helping them soothe their negative emotions. During the reading process, a person could temporarily stay away from the turmoil in the real world; they could just relax, release their pressure, and then empower themselves again. The process of emotional healing through reading can be seen as the operation of ＂developmental bibliotherapy＂. Based on the previous studies, the picture book is one of all appropriate reading materials used in developmental bibliotherapy for the elderly. Consequently, the researcher employed semi-structured in-depth interview for this research. The researcher interviewed 5 citizens of Taipei City and New Taipei City, who were 55-year-old-and-above, to read the picture book ＂Emma＂ and then evaluate the emotional healing efficacy of it. The result showed that 5 interviewees identified with this picture book and experienced emotional healing effect of identification, catharsis and insight. This research is expected to help the elderly find a convenient and private way to release one's negative emotions. Simultaneously, it can also assist the public libraries, social welfare institute, nursing home and daycare centers for the elderly, using the picture book ＂Emma＂, in providing bibliotherapeutic services, to meet the elderly's potential needs.