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遲發性異動症之初步分析報告
A Case Analysis Study of Tardive Dyskinesia: A Preliminary Report
摘要
我們檢視272位服用抗精神病藥物治療的患者，發現57位（21%）具有遲發性異動現象，其中男性21位（19%），女性16位（28%），並以SMITH-TRIMS Tardive Dyskinesia量表衡量患者不正常運動之嚴重程度。結果發現，其嚴重程度和服用抗精神病藥物劑量的大小，時間的長短成正相關性，和曾否使用抗膽素藥物沒有顯著的差異。使用抗膽素藥物治療的34位患者中，其藥物劑量的大小與異動症嚴重程度呈正相關，但未達統計意義。實驗同時發現異動症的嚴重程度與患者年齡大小明顯相關，女性出現異動現象比例較高，但兩者未達統計意義。使用電氣痙攣治療的19位患者與未使用之38位患者比較，前者異動症現象土嚴重程度明顯偏高，另外遲發性異動症的57位患者中，經過三個月的追踪，發現有7位（12.3%）其異動現象自然消失。
關鍵字
遲發性異動症並列摘要
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) was observed in 272 psychiatric inpatients with neuroleptic medications by means of the SMITH-TRIMS TD scale, an instrument which records the occurence and severity of abnormal movements in orofacial area, upper and lower extremities and the gait. 57 cases (21%) of the 272 patients, 41 (19%) males and 16(28%) females, were found to have TD. Clinical and drug history, the history of electroconvulsive therapy and anticholinergic management, and the ages of the patients were all collected to determine whether they had significant effects on the prevalence and severity of TD.The dosage and duration of neuroleptic exposure were statisticalIy related to the severity of TD. However, there was no relationship between anticholinergic management and the severity of TD in 34 patients. The positive correlation between the severity of TD and the age of the patients was also significantly noted. Meanwhile, the prevalence in females was greater than that in males, but there was no statistical significance. 19 patients who had undergone electroconvulsive therapy had higher severity of TD. After three months follow-up observation, the tardive dyskinesias of 7 patients (12.3%) disappeared spontaneously.