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Effect of Dietary Fat and Fiber on Liver and Intestinal Cholesterol and Fecal Steroid Excretion
膳食脂肪與纖維質對肝腸膽固醇及糞便中排泄量之影響
摘要
本實驗的目的為研究膳食脂肪與蔬菜對於不同年齡的動物體內膽固醇代謝的影響。將自鼠分組飼以含1 %或20 %豬油以及相對含有或無膽固醇及蔬菜的飼料，四週後禁食一夜，次日再給予含14C-膽固醇之飼料5克，而後餵食未標識之飼料一星期，收集其間之糞便，於實驗結束時，取其血液、腸、肝，分析其中脂質含量。結果顯示，添加膽固醇對腸內膽固醇有顯著影響，而脂肪與纖維質之影響較小。攝食高脂肪飼料峙，於幼鼠之肝臟、血清中之膽固醇含量有增加的現象。然而肝與腸對於口服之14C-膽固醇，在高脂肪膳食組有明顯降低，而膽固醇之攝取可使肝中14C之積聚增加。高脂肪及蔬菜的攝食會明顯增加14C的排泄，但是在各種狀況下，將吸收之膽固醇轉變成膽酸都極為有限。上述結果顯示攝取高豬油時會使肝腸中膽固醇之再吸收降低，而膳食蔬菜可使此種吸收更形降低，同時發現年齡較幼之白鼠對於膳食之反應較成鼠更為明顯。
並列摘要
The purpose of this report is to investigate the effect of dietary fat content and vegetable on cholesterol metabolism and lipid synthesis in both young and mature rats. Groups of rats were with test diets containing 1 or 20% lard, with or without cholesterol and vegetable supplementation. After four weeks, rats were deprived of food overnight and refed 5 g test diet containing 14C-cholesterol in the next morning. They were subsequently fed the unlabeled test diets for one week. Feces were collected during the last week. On the last day of feeding, rats were sacrificed and blood, liver, small and large intestines were secured for lipid analysis. Results showed that the cholesterol contents of intestines were markedly affected by cholesterol supplementation but was not affected by fat and vegetable intakes. The cholesterol contents of liver and plasma increased significantly when dietary fat intake was high. Such effect was more profound in the young rats. The retention of the oral ingested 14C-cholesterol in liver and intestines decreased by high-fat intake and large accumulation in liver was obtained by cholesterol intake. The fecal excretion of 14C was markedly elevated by high fat and vegetable intake. However, the conversion of absorbed cholesterol to acidic steroids was very limited in all cases. Results indicated that the entero-hepatic reabsorption of sterols was decreased by high dietary fat. Dietary vegetable may further decrease the reabsorption. It was also found that the young rats were more responsive to the dietary factors than the mature rats.