- 期刊
香菇子實體發育期間之細胞行為及細胞核數變化之研究
Study on the Cytological Behavior and Nuclear Numbers of the Fruitbodies Development Stage of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler. [=Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer.]
摘要
蕈類的子實體發育過程相關生理生化現象及細胞周期以及細胞核行為變化，一直是眞菌學家所感興趣的研究課題。本研究探討香菇子實體發育過程之細胞核數、細胞大小、細胞數之變化以及基礎蛋白質及碳水化合物含量變化，以瞭解其形態分化過程細胞行為及相關生理生化物質改變。以子實體發育一致性之供試香菇菌株(LE23)培養於PP塑膠袋鋸木屑培養基，調查結果顯示，當子實體發育時，菌柄之頂端細胞長由86μm增加至156μm，而中央細胞長則由123μm增加至463μm，但是子實體菌傘直徑發育至6-8公分時則停止生長，而其細胞不再變長。菌柄伸長時其細胞寬度亦加大。當菌柄快速生長時，菌柄頂端區域僅有中間細胞發育的1/5之速率。大部分菌柄伸長的時候，中間和中上區域有明顯之細胞分裂。擔子大小為2.0-3.0×6.5-10.0μm，棍棒狀具雙核。在原基體時期及快速生長之間菌柄細胞數是四倍的，其細胞生長主要在基部最為活躍，而非其邊緣細胞。原基體之細胞是雙核。當子實體發育之早期菌柄細胞是雙倍的細胞核，快速生長期之菌柄中間和頂端細胞的平均數是10.1-10.3。快速生長期之前，基部細胞之核數達到8個。一般於擔子內其細胞核數變化大，但細胞核數和細胞大小則無相關性。菌傘及菌柄之乾重及濕重於子實體形成過程均成明顯增加，而以發育至第四期為最高峰。在形成原基時，蛋白質和碳水化合物之含量幾乎達到乾重之28%，但是碳水化合物增加速率比蛋白質還快。菌傘和菌柄二者，菌柄碳水化合物含量≥較少。
並列摘要
Knowledge of the seat of growth with drives morphogensis and appreciation of the balance between physical and biological phenomena are intisisted by fungist. Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Pegler. fruitbodies were cultured on PP-bags sawdust cultures, cytological and biochemical techniques were used to study the nuclear number, cell size, cell number and biochemical material when basidiocarp development. Cells in the middle and tip of the stipe became longer with increasing fruitbody length, but cells at the base ceased to elongate when fruit-bodies reached 6-8cm. Cell width also increased in elongating stipes. Cells in the apical region of the stipe elongated at only about one-five the rate of the middle cells during rapid stipe elongation. Cell elongation in the middle and upper middle stipe regions accounted for most of the stipe elongation but this was accompainied by cell divisions. The basidium, 2.0-3.0×6.5-10.0μm, are club-shaped and contains two nuclei. The number of stipe cells quadrupled between the primordium stage and the onset of rapid elongation and increased by 50% thereafter. Stipe and pileus cells were usually binucleate in primordia. Subsequently, cells of the stipe and pileus context became multinucleate but those of the lamellar trama remained binucleate. The number of nuclei in stipe cells almost doubled during early fruiting development and increased to a mean of 10.1-10.3 in the middle and tip cells during rapid stipe elongation. In basal cells the nuclear number reached its maximum before the onset of rapid growth. No relation was found between nuclear number and cell number, size. Bry weight and fresh weight became much with increasing fruitbody length. Inprimordium, increase to 28% to dry materials for carbohydrate and proteins.