楊牧詩、文呈顯之儒者情懷與憂患意識探論

楊牧雅擅詩文創作、翻譯與編輯，難以由單一面向進行概括。本文擬從詩歌創作背後的精神底蘊著手，觀察其人詩、文流露之儒者情懷與憂患意識，探究此一襟抱之養成與呈顯。儒者情懷與憂患意識是楊牧創作之重要源頭，體現他的現世觀照。此一學養背景塑造頗受陳世驤與徐復觀之沾溉，但楊牧並非全盤照收，乃於繼承轉化時有所偏重，尤側重周旋於社會、世界之變動後如何抒情。藉由抒情傳統的感興明志與新儒家承擔現實的觀點，思索楊牧何以藉由詩文涉事（世）。詩無達詁，建構放諸四海皆準的詮釋框架實屬不易，本文嘗試凸顯楊牧之際遇及其與現實之互動，耙梳詩、文裡攸關發憤抒情的深層憂慮，彰顯他對人類共通生命經驗之恆定秩序與倫理價值的思索。

關鍵字

楊牧；抒情；儒者情懷；憂患意識

並列摘要

While it is difficult to reconcile Yang Mu's oeuvre, including poetry, translation and editing, from a single approach, this article attempts to explore elements of Confucian humanism and non-complacent consciousness across Yang Mu's poetry and prose. By ducumenting the two seminal ideological strands, this article traces the development and demonstrations of such trains of thought in Yang's works. The aesthetics of Confucian humanism and non-complacent consciousness represent the significant foundation of Yang Mu's creations, through which his observation of the present world is emeshed with profound humanistic spirit. Although Yang Mu's views and philosophy are inspired by Chen Shixiang and Xu Fuguan, he focuses more on the outward expression of internal emotions after drastic shifts in the external world. Through examining the tradition of lyrical expressions and the notion of worldliness from New Confucianism, this article investigates the fundaments for Yang Mu to elucidate worldly experience by means of his poetry. This article does not seek to construct a universal interpretive framework of Yang Mu's poetry. Rather, it highlights Yang Mu's real-life encounters and real-world interactions, and demonstrates that the profound expressions of sentiment and non-complacency in Yang Mu's poetry exhibit his concerns for the order of life and the value of ethics within the scope of the collective human life experience.