行政人員的控制－德性途徑的探討

A Study of the Control for Public Administrators-Virtue Approach

顧慕晴(Muh-Chyng Guh)

《哲學與文化》 36卷1期 (2009/01) Pp. 25-44

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200901.0025

摘要

本文旨在分析行政倫理領域中，於近二十餘年興起之德性途徑。全文分別探討德性途徑產生的原因、行政人員所須具備之德性、培養德性的方法以及德性途徑所遭到的質疑與限制。就德性途徑產生的原因而論，由於以往對行政人員的控制，獨重決策技巧的提升，而此方式效果並不穩定及且過於片斷；相對之下，德性之樹立，對於倫理行為的維持，則能產生更穩定、更長遠的效果。就所須具備之德性言之，行政人員須具備仁慈之公正、關懷民眾、道德企業主義、勇氣及德性模範等德性。培養德性的方法，目前最主要為為倫理典範(exemplar)樹立的方式，並以此典範的德行作為行政人員效法之對象。目前本途徑遭遇之最大困難，為其可靠性、有效性與正確認定倫理典範的爭議。

關鍵字

行政倫理 ； 行政人員控制 ； 德性途徑 ； 倫理典範

並列摘要

This article intends to study the virtue approach that has been used to control the actions of public administrators since the 1980s. This article is divided into four main parts: the motivation behind this approach, the virtues a public administrator should foster, the analysis of how to cultivate virtues in heart, and the doubts the society had on the approach. It was convinced that virtues could produce more clear and stable effects in maintaining ethical behaviors than previous ethical decision making approach. In terms of this approach, public administrators have to build in heart the virtues of fairness, benevolence, courage and internal caring etc. The most used method today is to set up an exemplar to be followed. Even though many believed in the advantages the approach would bring, many question the problems of its stability, effects and the clarification of an exemplar.

並列關鍵字

Administrative Ethics ； Control of Public Administrator ； Virtue Approach ； Moral Exemplar

參考文獻

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Budziszewski, J.(1988).The Nearest Coast of Darkness: A Vindication of the Politics of Virtues.New York:Cornell University Press.

Cooper, Terry L.(2006).The Responsible Administrator: An Approach to Ethics for Administrative Role.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.