亞里斯多德女性觀的當代論爭與證據補遺

Contemporary Debate on Aristotle's Viewpoints of Women and its Evidences Supplement

陳慶超(Qingchao CHEN)

《哲學與文化》 47卷4期 (2020/04) Pp. 113-127

摘要

亞里斯多德認為，女性在兒童德性培育和城邦政治生活中有不可替代的功能；然而，他還認為男性更加高貴，男性統治女性，並多次將女性與奴隸相提並論。本文首先從總體上勾勒當代學者關於亞里斯多德女性觀的爭議，進而分析它們各自存在的不足，最後結合亞里斯多德知行合一的學術態度和他所處時代歷史變遷的客觀進程，指出亞里斯多德在著作裡將其德性統一性思想應用於家庭生活理論，他主張夫妻雙方必須遵循以德性為統治標準的公正原則。對亞里斯多德女性觀真實態度之辨別有利於闡發他的德性理論；並且，它能為當代夫妻雙方的平等、互補、合作關係提供良好的學理說明。

關鍵字

亞里斯多德 ； 德性 ； 女性 ； 公正

並列摘要

Aristotle believed that women play an irreplaceable role in the cultivation of children's virtues as well as the public political life. However, he also thought that men are more noble than women so that they can dominate women and he even compared women to slaves on many occasions. This paper will first outline the controversy among contemporary scholars surrounding Aristotle's view of women, and then analyze their shortcomings respectively. Finally, combing Aristotle's academic attitude of the unity of knowledge and action and the historical changes of his times, the paper will point out that Aristotle has applied his virtue theory to his family life viewpoints and advocated that both husband and wife must follow the leading principle of justice built on the virtue criteria. Clarifying Aristotle's true attitude towards women is no only conducive to elucidating his theory of virtue, but also it can provide a good explanation for the equality, complementarity and cooperative relationship between contemporary couples.

並列關鍵字

Aristotle ； Virtue ； Women ； Justice

參考文獻

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