This article first recalls the question consciousness of Master Taixu and Master Yin Shun, who advocate the thoughts of "Buddhism on earth" and "pure land on earth," the theoretical foundation and discourse content of Buddhism before clarifying contextually why and how Master Sheng Yen and Master Hsing Yun carry on and develop these thoughts. Here we interpret respectively their main points of "Buddhism on earth" and "pure land on earth," the theoretical foundation of how to develop "Buddhism on earth," their approaches to the practice of "pure land on earth," and finally compare their similarities and differences.