明初南京皇城宮城的規劃、平面布局及其象徵意義

The Planning, Plan Layout and Symbolism of the Imperial Palace Compound of Nanjing in the Early Ming Dynasty

徐泓(Hong Hsu)

《國立台灣大學建築與城鄉研究學報》 7期 (1993/12) Pp. 79-95

https://doi.org/10.6154/JBP.1993.7.006

摘要

明太祖打破明以前南京城市的格局，拓建南京城，於城東空曠之地規劃建設皇城與宮城，以突顯中國傳統王者之都的氣象，其平面布局及顯現的象徵意義，對明中都、明清北京的影響頗大。本文旨在敘述明初南京宮城與皇城的規劃、建設的過程，討論其平面布局的特點及其象徵意義，並分析其與元大都、明中都、明清北京皇城、宮城規劃之淵源或影響。

並列摘要

When Ming Taizu (r. 1368-98) expanded the city of Nanjing he broke free from the city’s pre-Ming arrangement and built the imperial palace compound in an open ground to the east of the city. This was to enhance the imposing atmosphere that characterized the imperial capitals in traditional China. The plane layout, as well as its symbolic meanings, of the Nanjing palace would have significant impact on the Central Capital (Fengyang) later in the Dynasty and the city of Beijing in both Ming and Qing periods. This study describes the planning and construction of the Nanjing palace during the early Ming and discusses the characteristics and symbolism in its plane layout. It also traces the continuities and changes between the planning of this palace and that of Dadu in Yuan, Fengyang in Ming, and Beijing in the Ming-Qing era.