臺南水仙宮位址的荷蘭人規劃淵源

在大航海時代裡，荷蘭人的出現啟迪了臺灣的開拓歷史，而臺南則是他們進駐這座島嶼的首要據點。在臺南，奉祀水神的水仙宮是一間歷史悠久並曾享有盛名的廟宇。在清代，府城三郊在廟裡設立總部，並設置有度量衡公器。在漢人的廟宇裡出現這些功能，極為罕見，再加上荷蘭人曾經殖民臺南，因此我們認為它受到荷蘭人的影響，它的原始前身應該是一座公秤。經由與同時代荷蘭城市公秤處的比較，本文嘗試著證明這一項觀點。在論文裡，首先我們將闡述公秤處在荷蘭歷史城市裡所扮演的角色。接著我們將運用史料來佐證荷蘭人曾經在臺南設置公秤，並釐清它與水仙宮的關連。然後我們將從航海人的信仰方面、公平貿易的促進方面、以及交易場所的提供方面來解析這座廟宇的獨特角色。最後，我們將深入檢視荷蘭人的規劃如何影響這座歷史古城的空間發展。

關鍵字

水仙宮；公秤；臺南府城；荷蘭殖民；城市規劃；貿易港埠

並列摘要

In the Age of Discovery, the appearance of Dutchmen opened up the cultivation history of Taiwan. Tainan was their main stronghold on the island. Tainan Shui Hsien Temple, which enshrined the Gods of water, is one of the city's oldest and most important temples. During the Ching Dynasty, the chamber guilds built their common headquarter there and set up the public metrology instruments, something very unusual in the history of Chinese temples. Due to the city’s Dutch colonization past, we believe that the original predecessor of Shui Hsien Temple should be a Dutch weigh house. Through comparative analysis with Dutch old weigh houses, we try to confirm this position. This thesis first interprets the significance of a weigh house for a Dutch old city. Furthermore, we argue that the Dutch had established a weigh house in Tainan and clarify its connection with Shui Hsien Temple. Moreover, we explain the temple's unique role in the Chinese seafarer faith, promotion of fair trade, and offer of place for wholesale in the city. Finally, we examine the influence of Dutch town planning tradition on the historical capital of Taiwan.