並列摘要
This paper reviews etiologies and treatments of pelvic pain in men. Factors causing pelvic pain in men are usually unclear and may be attributed to bladder outlet obstruction, unrecognized infection, autoimmune reactions, or pelvic floor muscle/fascia pain. The following diagnostic techniques are important in the differential diagnosis and evaluation of male patients with pelvic pain: digital rectal examination, urinalysis, examination of expressed prostate secretion, voiding diary, and uroflowmetry. Treatments consist of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, depending on the diagnosis. Useful drugs include antibiotics, alpha-adrenergic blockers, and muscle relaxants. Some patients may benefit from transurethral heat therapy or pelvic floor re-education. Optimal therapy quite often can only be achieved with a combination of various therapeutic techniques.