非小細胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)在所有肺癌中佔了80%,在標靶藥物的問世以前,鉑金類為基底的化學治療是晚期非小細胞肺癌的唯一治療選擇。ROS1(Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase 1)基因重新排列(rearrangement)已被證實是非小細胞肺癌的致癌基因之一,在非小細胞肺癌發生的盛行率大約2%。自2016年第一個經美國食品藥物管理局認證可使用在ROS1基因重新排列的ROS1抑制劑上市,陸續有新的ROS1抑制劑發展出來,除提升對顱內轉移的療效,改善大多數病人的治療反應並延長病人的無惡化存活期與整體存活期。本文回顧了非小細胞肺癌合併ROS1基因重新排列的病人治療的最新進展。
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 80% of all lung cancer cases, and chemotherapy was the preferred option for advanced NSCLC until the development of target therapy. ROS1 gene is one of the driver genes for NSCLC, and the incidence of ROS1 gene rearrangement is approximately 1~2%. The first ROS1 inhibitor, Crizotinib was approved by FDA for the treatment of advanced ROS1-positive NSCLC in 2016. More and more ROS1 inhibitors were developed thereafter. These ROS1 inhibitors were proved to possess better intracranial response, better objective response and better progression free survival. This review focuses on the role of ROS1 inhibitors in treating NSCLS patients with ROS1 mutation.