- 期刊
從“內經·經脈篇”原文探討十二經脈在人體分佈的實況
An Investigation into the Distribution of the Twelve Meridians on the Basis of the Meridian Chapter of the "Nei-Jing"
摘要
人人皆知經絡學說是傳統中國醫學中，討論生理、病理、診斷和針灸治療的最高指導原則，近代各國醫學家運用多方面的新知，都能證實人體有經絡的存在，但在解剖學上卻仍找尋不到經絡的管道，故有人認爲經絡是人體的自然控制調節系統，可能與體液的內分泌和神經介質有關，不一定要靠管道溝通，因此經絡的實質問題，至今仍是個謎。 本文研究之目的，是從內經經脈篇的原文中，把古人敘述經絡分佈的形容詞，共計四十個字，依其性類相近，爲之編排、對照、分析、闡解，然後加以歸納，投放如下結論：㈠十二經脈每經各有起、至、從、抵、直、支、別、絡、散、布、歷、加，自成系統，有條不紊，㈡十二經脈在人體分佈的實況，包括循、行、走、趨、直、橫、斜、屈、環、繞、挾、貫、出、入、土、下、還、卻、等各種狀態，其中又有同中之異、異中之同，分別用字，不容混淆，可見古人對經絡的現象，觀察極爲入微。㈢由於十二經脈的分佈，使人體各部互相連接，同是互相連接，又有屬、絡、連、繫、過、注、交、會、合、約等不同情況，顯示彼此之間的相互關係，實有輕重大，直接間接之分。因此，作者認爲經絡的定義，應該是在說明人體各部彼此之間相互的關係，才比較切合實際。 古云「溫放而知新」，本文從溫故方面研究的一得之見，希望能夠幫助有志研究經絡實質的專家學者們，加深瞭解內經經脈篇所述十二經脈的實況，作爲更進一步研究經絡學說之階梯。
並列摘要
Nowadays, medical experts in many countries can prove the existence of the meridians, although they have failed to discover any anatomical structure underlying them. Some suppose that the meridians may be related to the endocrine system and neurotransmitters without actually possessing any distinct pathways. In view of this situation, the actual nature of the meridians remains a mystery. This study investigates 40 characters of the Menridian Chapter of the Nei-Jing used in the description of the meridian system to see what light they shed on the meridian system. Classification, comparison, explanation, and analysis of the characters revealed the following results. (1)The twelve meridians have their own system described in terms of starting 起, arriving 至, from 從, reaching 抵, main stem 直者, branch 支者, divergence 別, connecting 絡, spreading 散, interspersing 布, throughout 歷and adding 加. (2)The spreading condition of twelve meridians described by: along 循, parallel 行, slowly forward 走, hasten 趨, straight 直, sideward 橫, slant 斜, crooked 屈, around 環, surround 繞, both-side 挾, through 貫, outward 出, inward 入, upward 上, downward 下, backward 還and return 卻. (3) When the twelve meridians connect the whole body, their relationship has many different conditions described by: belong 屬, connect 絡, join 連, little join 繫, pass over 過, instil 注, cross-pass 交, meet 會, unite 合and restrict 約. The terminology of the meridian system shows distinction between light and heavy, large and small, direct and indirect. It therefore suggests a concrption of the meridian system explaining the interrelationship between every part of the human body.