地震風險地區土地使用規劃與土地利用關聯性分析－以車籠埔斷層為例

地震風險地區土地使用規劃必須因地制宜，正確的解讀地震風險資訊為土地使用規劃的基石，引導未來開發遠離已知災害風險地區，或是針對受災嚴重地區或已知災害風險而短期或永久強制居民遷離原本的居住環境。地震風險地區土地使用規劃手段包括環境影響報告、不動產資訊公開、土地徵收與稅式政策等，各類土地使用規劃手段的效性與適性皆應進行評量。長期以來，規劃權與財產權在風險資訊、因應措施等資訊落差，加乘兼負著不對等的責任，具差異性的「有限最適」決策致使土地使用規劃長期受到必要性、合理性與影響性的爭論。車籠埔斷層於921集集地震後，沿線都市計畫區據以劃設斷層限建區與修訂相關的土地使用分區圖與土地使用分區管制，本文應用全域型空間自相關統計與地域指標空間關聯性判釋建築使用變遷的空間分佈特性，期探究地震災害風險地區土地使用規劃之影響。

關鍵字

地震風險地區；土地使用規劃；全域型空間自相關係數；地域指標空間關聯性

並列摘要

Land use planning in earthquake risk area should take local characteristics into account. The accurate interpretation of earthquake risk information might help to steer future development away from or practice short-term or eternal relocation in existing risk area. Multiple approaches of land use planning have been applied to earthquake risk area including environmental impact assessment, real estate disclosure, land acquisition and taxation, and both suitability and efficacy of land use planning approaches should be evaluated. However, due to planners and ownership receive different risk information, limited resource and responsibility, the varied limitedly appropriate decisions have confronted challenges including necessity, rationality and impact. After 921 Chi-Chi Earthquake in 1999 in Taiwan, 15 meter from the each side of fault line has been identified as fault zone area on urban planning map. Therefore, this paper applies global spatial autocorrelation coefficients (SAC) and local indicators of spatial association (LISA) to building use change exploring spatial distribution feature. As a whole, the purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of land use planning in earthquake risk area.