- 期刊
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水稻再生栽培對稻米產量及品質之影響Ⅱ.不同收穫期之效應
Effects Cultural Practices on the Grain Yield and Quality of Ratoon Rice II. Effects of Harvest-Timing of Days after Heading
摘要
為探討水稻再生栽培不同收穫期對產量及米質之影響，於82年及83年在花蓮縣吉安鄉花蓮區農業改良場進行試驗；參試品種為臺梗6號，第1期作機插栽培，第2期作再生栽培。第1期作收穫後再生芽伸長至15～20cm時，進行離地面5公分之割樁高度處理，於再生稻齊穗後25天、30天、35天、40天、45天收穫，對照為機插栽培，其收穫期為稻穀生理成熟期。田間設計採用逢機完全區集摺疊設計，四重複，小區面積21.6m^2，調查其再生期作不同收穫期之產量及稻米品質的表現，以做為改進再生栽培技術之參考。試驗結果顯示不同收穫期處理之產量，在2,676∼3,736 kg/ha之間均較機插栽培（兩年分別為4,583及4,558 kg/ha）為差，再生稻不同處理間主要影響因素則為稔實率，齊穗後25天及30天收穫的稔實率在62.8%以下。再生稻糙米外觀及碾米品質表現較機插栽培略差，但以齊穗後35～45天的表現較穩定，食味方面則再生栽培亦較機插栽培為差。齊穗後25天、30天、35天之未熟米率、死米率明顯過高。綜合而言，水稻再生栽培的產量及米質較機插栽培的表現為差，但以齊穗後40天及45天收穫，較能改善再生稻的稻米產量及品質。
並列摘要
Field experiments were conducted in 1993 and 1994 at Hualien District Agricultural Experiment Station to study the effects of harvest-timing on the yield and quality of rice. The japonica rice cultivar Taikeng 6 was grown in the first crop by transplanting culture followed by ratoon culture in the 2nd crop. After the 1st crop rice was harvested, the ratoon seedlings of 15-20 cm in height were cut with a mechanized device at 5 cm high aboveground; different harvest timing were treated by 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 days after heading of ratoon rice, the sixth treatment was harvested at physiological maturity stage while the conventional transplanting culture was used as the check. Experimental design were arranged in a nested randomized complete block with four replications, and the plot sizes wase 21.6m^2. The performance of agronomic characteristics, and grain yield and quality of the ratoon rice were evaluated.Experimental results indicated that grain yield of ratoon rice, irrespective of all harvest timing treatments, was lower than that of the transplanted rice (4,583 and 4,558 kg/ha for 1993 and 1994, respectively) which was affeced by seed-set percentage, the yields of ratoon rice were between 2,676 and 3,36 kg/ha, the treatments of harvest timing of 25 and 30 days after heading were below 62.8%. Although the appearance and milling quality of ratoon rice were poorer in comparison to those of transplanted rice, the harvest timing of 35, 40, 45 days after heading have stable performance. Eating quality of the ratoon rice also lower than that of the transplanted rice, the percentage of unmatured and dead rice of harvest timing of 25, 30 and 35 days after heading were high significantly. In conclusion, ratoon rice is not comparable to transplanted rice in terms of both grain yield and quality, neverthless, harvest timing of 40 and 45 days after heading is worth to be recommanded for this labor-saving practices as it improves significantly the performance of ratoon rice.