- 期刊
- OpenAccess
腹部電腦斷層攝影術－上腹部
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF ABDOMEN-EPIGASTRIUM
摘要
本文論述肝臟與胰臟電腦斷層攝影檢查，對於阻塞性黃疸、原發性肝癌、繼發性轉移病灶、肝臟水囊腫、肝膿瘍、脂肪性病變、心衰竭性肝硬化、腹水以及胰臟炎症、腫瘤、癌或膿瘍等在電腦斷層攝影所見之徵象，分別詳述並加以分析。電腦斷層攝影對於身體軀幹之應用在目前是一很新穎的診斷技術，有其特殊之地位，但不能完全取代原有的傳統X光檢查攝影。電腦斷層攝影之加入醫學診斷行列使有形病灶之揭露，更能讓人獲得立體觀感、明確地了解其解剖上的關係位置、大小形狀以及病灶屬於何等密度性質之組織。截至目前為止尚沒有特定的電腦斷層攝影指數代表各種不同內臟器官或病灶，但不同的組織器官具有不同的密度，呈現在電腦斷層攝影上是為不變的原理。電腦斷層攝影對於中空腔腸疾病之診斷價值很小。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Computed Tomography (CT) has revolutionized the diagnostic approach in the recent years. The whole body scanner can provide unique and specific diagnostic information in clear and precise anatomic detail. With this new imaging system, lesions can be identified as alterations in anatomic form, variations in tissue absorption coefficients, or a combination of both. The location and extent of the disease in the liver, biliary system and pancreas can be well displayed. The patient feels little discomfort and the technique is noninvasive. Cases of varied hepatic (biliary obstruction, primary and metastatic disease, cardiac cirrhosis, cyst, abscess and fatty degeneration of the liver) and pancreatic disease (pancreatic malignancy, inflammatory disease and pseudocyst of the pancreas) are presented and discussed. CT has very little advantage in the diagnosis of diseases involving gastrointestinal tract or colon. There may be an exception if a large lesion is present with a significant mass. CT produces information about the morphology and the absorption coefficients of the organs. The absorption numbers (CT numbers) are proportional to the relative absorption coefficients of the various tissues, with high 'numbers referring to material of high density and lower CT numbers representing tissues of lower density. Density difference permits visulization of lesions within the organ. The shape and size of the organ also plays an important role in the detection of a lesion. At present, there is no specific range of absolute CT numbers for a given organ or a lesion.