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MR and Endoscopic Retrograde (ER) Cholangiography in the Diagnosis of Cholelithiasis

以磁振造影及內視鏡逆行作膽道攝影對膽道結石的診斷

摘要


膽道結石症及閉塞引起的黃疸是胃腸肝膽科門診最常遇見的疾病之一,因病人的結石是否只侷限於膽囊或膽管,是外科醫師進行膽囊切除術之前很重要的訊息,早期是應用內試鏡逆行性膽道攝影來作為檢查工具之一,因內視鏡逆行性膽道攝影的併發症,如敗血症、出血等,另外病患還要接受輻射劑量及施打造影劑,更何況有些病患會產生藥物過敏反應而增加危險性,還有一些因技術上困難而造成檢查失敗。自從磁共振膽道攝影技術發展以後,由於其不具侵襲性,無輻射傷害,及不必施打造影劑而造成危險等優點,使其成為膽道結石症之篩檢技術。 本院自1999年四月至2000年五月共完成37例病例,所有病患均需做磁共振及內視鏡逆行性膽道攝影,不過病患在接受內視鏡逆行性膽道攝影數小時前必須先接受磁共振膽道攝影。在統計期間共有30位病例完成內視鏡逆行性膽道攝影檢查,7例失敗,不過有2例從未接受外科手術。經由統計結果我們發現磁共振膽道攝影確實要比內視鏡逆行性膽道攝影更可以清楚診斷出膽道結石數量及大小,因此我們將兩者檢查結果提供給大家參考及指教。

並列摘要


From April 1999 to May 2000, 37 patients (19 men and 18 women; mean age, 60.9 ±16.2 years) with suspected cholelithiasis underwent both magnetic resonance cholangiogram (MRC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram (MRC) examinations. MRC was performed in a few hours before ERC examination. Transverse and coronal images were obtained using heavily T2-weignted turbo spin echo (TSE) and half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) by 1.5T system (Siemens, symphony), with a surface coil centered at upper abdomen. The final diagnosis was established in 32 patients: ERC (n=30, ERC failure 7) and intraoperative choledochoscopy (n=2). As a result of the comparison, using the former two procedures as gold standards, MRC had a sensitivity of 100% and 90%, specificity of 92.86% and 95.45% and the diagnostic accuracy of 96.87% and 93.75% for common file duct (CBD) and intrahepatic duct (IHD) stone groups respectively. Our results showed that MRC was saver and more efficient in demonstrating the location and orientation of bile ducts with stones.

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