摘要
過敏性鼻炎是十分常見的慢性疾病，除了典型的鼻部症狀外，病人也經常會出現共病症，其中以氣喘、結膜炎和過敏性鼻炎的關係最為密切；另外還有幾種可能的共病症，包括鼻及鼻竇炎、耳咽管功能異常、中耳炎、腺樣體肥大，不過它們和過敏性鼻炎的真正關係還有待釐清。至於鼻炎的併發症，主要是因為沒有適當地治療鼻部症狀而引起的問題，此問題特別容易影響過敏性鼻炎的病童，常見的併發症包括注意力不足過動症、睡眠障礙、齒列咬合不正。臨床醫師必須對這些鼻炎的共病症及併發症清楚地了解，並存有高度的警覺心，才能及早發現這些健康問題，並落實執行全人醫療的方式來協助鼻炎的病人，以提升其生活品質。
關鍵字
allergic rhinitis ； comorbidity ； complication ； rhinitis ； unified airway model（過敏性鼻炎 ； 共病症 ； 併發症 ； 鼻炎 ； 統一呼吸道模式）並列摘要
Allergic rhinitis is a common chronic disease. In addition to the typical nasal symptoms, patients often have comorbidities, among which asthma and conjunctivitis are the most closely related to allergic rhinitis. Several other possible comorbidities include rhinosinusitis, eustachian tube dysfunction, otitis media, and adenoid hypertrophy; however, their true association with allergic rhinitis remains unclear. The complications of rhinitis are primarily caused by improper treatment of the nasal symptoms. This is more likely to affect children with allergic rhinitis. Common complications include attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, sleep disturbances, and dental malocclusion. Clinicians must have a clear understanding of these comorbidities and complications pertaining to rhinitis and a high degree of vigilance to identify these health problems early, manage patients with rhinitis in a more holistic way, and thus improve their quality of life.