從《郭店•老子甲》“絕智棄辯”章探析《老子》相關思想之詮釋發展

今本《老子•十九章》有「絕聖棄智」、「絕仁棄義」之句，然而，郭店《老子•甲本》簡1卻寫作「絕智棄辯」、「絕（為心）棄（虘心）」。針對此一論題，論者多認為：從「絕智棄辯」、「絕（為心）棄（虘心）」到「絕聖棄智」、「絕仁棄義」的文字變化，乃是道家後學為因應其與儒墨相爭的局勢，而作出的「篡改」。然而，這樣的說法看似合理，卻未必周延。在本篇論文中，筆者將重新檢視此一問題，以探究「絕聖」、「絕仁棄義」等論題之所以被提出的機緣，並逐一論證老子復學其實並未違背早期《老子》思想的本意。再者，正因郭店本《老子》沒有「絕聖」、「絕仁棄義」等說法，是以論者多據此抒發儒道兩家相融互通之論，筆者在本文中亦將探析此處「儒道會通」的意涵與層次。

關鍵字

郭店老子；絕智棄辯；絕（為心）棄（虘心）；絕聖棄智；絕仁棄義；儒道會通

並列摘要

There were such lines ”chueh-sheng-chi-chih”, ”chueh-jen-chi-yi” appeared in the chapter 19th of Lao Tzu; however, in Guodian Zhujian of Lao Tzu, it wrote ”chueh-chih-chi-pien”, ”chueh-wei-chi-lu”. According to many researchers, the literal change from ”chueh-chih-chi-pien” ”chueh-wei-chi-lu” to ”chueh-sheng-chi-chih”, ”chueh-jen-chi-yi” resulted from the competition between the sects of Taoism and Confucianism. Nevertheless, this viewpoint was anything but thoughtfulness. As a result, this researcher tries to re-investigate the reasons why issues such as ”chueh-sheng”, ”chueh-jen-chi-yi” were raised so as to clarify the sect of Taoism didn't violate the early doctrines of Lao Tzu. In addition, there were no such sayings of ”chueh-sheng”, ”chueh-jen-chi-yi” in Guodian Zhujian of Lao Tzu, so other researchers made an interpretation of mergence between Confucianism and Taoism. This researcher will later analyze the meaning of the above mergence.

並列關鍵字

Guodian Zhujian of Lao Tzu ； chueh-chih-chi-pien ； chueh-wei-chi-lu ； chueh-sheng-chi-chih ； chueh-jen-chi-yi ； mergence between Confucianism and Taoism