- 期刊
Juvenile Hormone III Bisepoxide: New Member of the Insect Juvenile Hormone Family
雙環氧基保幼激素III：昆蟲保幼激素家族之新成員
摘要
昆蟲保幼激素（又稱青春激素）家族最近又添了一名成員，那就是雙環氧基保幼激素III。此成員的化學構造，除了在碳六與碳七之間多了一個環氧基之外，和保幼激素III完全相同。其構造是為methyl（2E, 6E）-（10R, 11S）-6, 7; 10, 11-bisepoxy-3, 7, 11-trimethyl-2-dodecenoate，簡稱JHB3。JHB3最初是在做體外培養伏蠅（Phormia regina）雌成蟲咽側體時發現的（Liu 1985, Liu et al. 1988）。當時只知其可能是保幼激素一類，而未鑑定其化學結構，1989年由果蠅幼蟲中發現了一個相同的物質，並鑑定為JHB3。JHB3對果蠅及伏蠅都有明顯的生物效應，能影響他們的生長，變態及卵巢發育（Richard et al. 1989a 1989b 1990, Yin et al. submitted）。目前所有研究過的環裂亞目的蠅類都分泌JHB3。另外數種雄蚊的生殖副腺及美洲犬壁蝨的綜合神經球亦能分泌JHB3。JHB3的發現使非鱗翅目昆蟲只能好泌保幼激素III的說法，不攻自破。目前仍有人認為JHB3不是一種新的保幼激素，而只是保幼激素III的代謝物。JHB3的身份，大概要在研究其作用機制後證實了其確有專一的受體，而此受體與JHB3結合後既能專一的與特別的DNA順序親和時，才能完全確定。
並列摘要
The insect juvenile hormone family has recently been enlarged by the addition of its 6th member, juvenile hormone III bisepoxide (JHB3). JHB3 is first discovered as an unknown juvenoid biosynthesized, in vitro, by the adult corpus allatum (CA) of the female black blow fly, Phormia regina (Liu 1985, Liu et al. 1988). A similar substance is produced by the isolated larval ring gland of Drosophila melanogaster; its chemical structure is identified as methyl (2E,6E)-(1OR,11S)-6,7;10,11-bisepoxy3,7, 11-trimethyl-2-dodecenoate or methyl-s, 7;10,11-bisepoxyfarnesoate (Richard et al. 1989a). This substance is structurally identical to juvenile hormone III, except for the 6,7-epoxy group. Bioassays of synthetic JHB3 demonstrate its biological activities in the regulation of development, metamorphosis and oögenesis in Drosophila melanogaster and Phormia regina (Richard et al. 1989a,b 1990, Yin et al. submitted). JHB3 also has been found to be a product of either the ring glands or the CA in all the higher dipterans (i.e., cyclorrhaphous flies) studied so far. Its production by the mosquito male accessory gland and the tick synganglion, in vitro, has also been reported (Borovsky et al. 1994, Roe et al. 1993). The occurrence of JHB3 calls for future research aiming at the discovery of JHBo, JHB 1, and JHB2 . Its presence also makes clear that the conventional wisdom of thinking that all non-Iepidopterans can produce only JH III is far from reality.