Grammaticalization of the Reported Speech Frames Wo shuo and Ni shuo in Mandarin Conversation

中文對話中話語框架“我說”、“你說”的虛化現象

林雪娥(Hsueh-O Lin)

《Concentric： Studies in Linguistics》 30卷2期 (2004/12) Pp. 157-182

https://doi.org/10.6241/concentric.ling.200412_30(2).0006

摘要

說話者與聽者之互動，與文法的塑成，一直都是密切相關。本文根據斷代語料，觀察出第一人稱與第二人稱話語框架「我說」、「你說」，因說者與聽者的互動，而顯現出虛化的現象。藉由轉喻推論(metonymic inferencing)與語用推論(pragamatic inferencing)，「我說」已從話語引述蛻變成思想引述，最後再虛化成語用標誌(pragmatic marker)，用以吸引聽者的注意。說話者使用「我說」來宣稱自己的意見，但當使用「你說」時，說話者要求聽者證實或認同，在互動的過程中，「你說」甚至能引介表讓步的條件子句，語用推論也讓「你說」虛化成表對比、吸引注意，以尋求合著(coauthorship)關係的語用標誌。

關鍵字

引述結構 ； 虛化 ； 轉喻推論 ； 語用推論 ； 語用標誌

並列摘要

This paper studies how the speaker-hearer interaction has motivated the first-person and second-person speech frames to undergo grammaticalization. Through the mechanisms of metonymy and pragmatic inferencing, the speech frame wo shuo has become a thought frame, and even a pragmatic marker of self-assertion to take the floor and secure attention. Ni shuo, on the other hand, acquires a concessive reading and is further grammaticalized into a pragmatic marker of contrast and attention getting through pragmatic inferencing.

並列關鍵字

reported speech ； grammaticalization ； metonymy ； pragmatic inferencing ； pragmatic marker

參考文獻

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