- 期刊
激情的陰霾：談威而鋼的飛安副作用
The Haze of Passion: The Side Effects of Viagra…
摘要
自從1998年3月美國食品暨藥物管理局(FDA)正式批准威而鋼(Viagra)作為治療男性陽萎的藥品後，一時之間全球各地掀起一股號稱世紀末的性事大熱潮。許多服用過的男人都覺得效果良好，自覺挽回不少失去多年的男性尊嚴。很遺憾的是，也有不少報導指稱服用威而鋼會導致不良的反應，甚至包括心臟病發的死亡案例。在諸多不良反應的症狀之中，引起航醫界和飛行員們最大關注的，莫過於綠藍光辨識困難的色覺障礙。由於正常視覺功能對於飛行任務的執行有其絕對的重要性，色覺障礙在某些特殊飛行情景下恐將危及飛行安全，也因此美國聯邦航空局(FAA)特別發佈醫學通告提醒飛行員謹慎使用威而鋼，並且規定服用威而鋼後六小時之內不得飛行。事實上，威而鋼和其它藥物一樣同時具有正面療效及副作用，適時適量的服用才能發揮應有的療效並減低或甚至避免可能伴隨的負面效應。基於飛行安全的考量，飛行員自行服藥的行為誠屬不智且於法不容的。依據我國及國際民用航空醫務規定，唯有專業的航空醫師才能評估飛行環境與任務的需求而提供飛行員正確的用藥指示。食色乃人之本性，而美滿和諧的家庭生活對飛行員的身心健康影響極大，因此筆者期望藉由本文探討陽萎的肇因和威而鋼的成分、作用機轉、療效、及其可能的副作用，以提醒航空醫師和飛行員如何用得愉快並且飛得安全。
並列摘要
Viagra has become a great hit drug for the treatment of men who have difficulty having and maintaining an erection (impotence) since it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in USA on March 27, 1998. The main therapeutic effect of Viagra is to allow an increase of blood flow into the certain internal areas of the penis during sexual arousal. Although many consumers were reported satisfied with the positive effects of Viagra, a few side effects and even death cases have recently reported in patients treated with Viagra. Due to its cardiovascular effects, Viagra at present is not recommended for people who take prescribed short- and long-acting nitrates because the combination may lower blood pressure. The most commonly reported side effects up to date include headache, flushing, upset stomach, stuffy nose, urinary tract infection, diarrhea, dizziness、rash, and mild and temporary visual changes (color perception changes, light perception changes, and blurred vision). Since these side effects, specially temporary visual changes, can significantly degrade the flight performance of pilots taking Viagra under certain in-flight situations, the Federal Aviation Administration in USA has already issued a warning notice to pilots and airlines in 1998 that ”6 hours from Viagra to throttle” is recommended. Pilots should be aware that self-medication is an unwise and dangerous action to flight safety and that you should consult a certified flight surgeon to determine the cause of your impotence before taking Viagra. For the concern of flight safety, pilots should always discuss with your flight surgeon all of the medications you are taking (prescription and over-the-counter). In that way, you can receive the best advice for your own situation. In this paper, the causal factors of impotence and the ingredients, pharmacokinetics, and side effects of Viagra will be discussed.