- 期刊
利用媒裂平衡觸媒裂解回收廢塑膠可行性研究
Catalytic Cracking of Waste Plastics by Using FCC Equilibrium Catalysts
摘要
在油價高漲，環境保護意識高度抬頭的今日，利用平衡媒裂觸媒將廢棄塑膠觸媒裂解成汽柴油及有價值的化學原料是本文的研究目的。使用媒裂塔底油或混合8~22wt%低密度聚乙烯為進料，及流體化媒裂製程工場平衡媒裂觸媒，在媒裂流體化固定床反應器內分別進行裂解反應。發現低密度聚乙烯可藉觸媒進行裂解，選擇性的生產汽柴油及LPG；並將氫轉移給媒裂塔底油，幫助其裂解。若忽略聚乙烯及媒裂塔底油在反應中的相互作用，可估算出純聚乙烯的轉化率及各產品產率。該數據與常壓塔底油在相同的條件下反應結果比較，有較高的轉化率，較佳高價產品選擇性，較低的焦碳選擇性及略低的乾氣產率。因此低密度聚乙烯有機會直接加入流體化媒裂製程工場的進料油中，唯必須再深入探討對製程影響。
並列摘要
Catalytic cracking of waste plastics over catalysts has the potential to recover valuable chemicals and fuels. A base sample from FCC fractionator bottom oil (CFB) and blends containing 8-22wt% low density polyethylene (LDPE) in CFB were tested in a laboratory-scale fixed fluidized bed reactor using equilibrium fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts. LDPE was selectively cracked to gasoline, diesel and LPG by equilibrium catalysts. Synergistic effect was observed during catalytic cracking of the blends. Cracking conversion of CFB was increased by the supply of hydrogen from LDPE through catalysts. Conversion and selectivity of pure LDPE were computed by neglecting the synergistic effect. Calculated conversion and valuable products yields of pure LDPE are better than those of atmospheric tower bottom (ATB) at the same test reaction conditions. Based on results from this study, it is possible to integrate refinery operation for a large scale recycling of waste plastics. However, the influence of impurity and additives in waste plastics on FCC process should be detailed studied.