- 期刊
吸附劑應用問題探討與解決案例
The Study of Problem Solving in Adsorbent and the Related Problem
摘要
在煉油與石化工廠精煉製程中應用多種吸附劑脫除各種微量雜質（水份、硫化物、氯化物、砷化物…等），確保觸媒活性和提高產品價值。中油公司許多生產工場發生了吸附劑相關問題，例如︰新換吸附劑功能失效、碎裂粉塵、觸媒中毒失活…等問題，造成精煉製程功能失效，輕則造成產品不合格、下游工廠觸媒中毒，嚴重時導致工廠必須停工問題。中油煉研所製程研究組吸附分離研究團隊，建立分子篩等吸附劑性能評估技術和資料庫，協助各廠處吸附劑方面技術服務，包括︰分子篩等吸附劑性能評估、性能驗收技術、使用壽命評估、吸附劑性能失效原因探討與工場操作問題之解決…等技術，實際協助工廠吸附劑問題案例如下：1.新換分子篩功能失效：a. 空氣分離工場13X分子篩粉化和性能失效案：冷箱結霜、5噸分子篩化成粉塵。b. 二氧化碳處理工場3A分子篩失效案：解決氣體分散度不均問題。c. 石化廠空氣中心新換吸附劑（13X分子篩、活性氧化鋁）粉化和露點不合格問題。2. 原設計公司未規劃問題：a. 殘渣油汽化工場脫硫吸附劑失效案：無法脫除有機硫化物，增設脫除有機硫化物槽。b. ROC和RFCC丙烯下游業者聚合觸媒失活客訴案件：脫砷、脫硫吸附劑應用。3. 超過設計負荷量與使用壽命：重油轉化（RFCC）工場、媒組工場（觸媒再生氣體脫水吸附劑）、芳香烴工場（脫羰化物13X分子篩）。4. 異物進入造成吸附劑功能失效：應用分子篩性能評估技術解決氣體純化工場 （甲醇）、異構化工場（硫化物）、重油轉化工場（水份）問題，以再生方法恢復吸附劑性能。5. 分子篩再生不完全、性能失效案例：四氫新換分子篩露點不合格問題。6. 打破專利製程與吸附劑之壟斷，公開招標降低採購成本。7. 吸附劑問題與解決案例，讓煉油與石化工業界伙伴經驗分享、避免重蹈覆轍。
並列摘要
Absorbents are widely used in the refinery and petrochemical industry as an effective method for removing trace contaminants such as water, sulfides, Chloride, arsenide in the process to improve products value. There are many problems relevant to adsorbents, for example: newly-changed absorbent failure, efflorescence and catalyst poison. A minor impact on the process can result in product unqualified, while the major impact on the process poison downstream catalyst systems and can even cause shutting down problems. CPC RMRI absorbent group is led by a professional technology team of with molecule sieve performance evaluation experiences, including: the molecule sieve performance analysis techniques, the operation condition evaluation techniques, feedstock analyzing, regeneration condition, regeneration curve, analyze data and theory calculate, the operating function test, and so on. Our service associates with complete plant solutions such as following: 1. Fresh adsorbent was invalid: a. The poor design might also be the origin of the Refinery Air separation Plant molecular sieve failure: Cooling box frosting, molecule sieve efflorescence. b. The adsorption capability of carbon dioxide on 13X is invalid: Solving gas dispersion problem. c. Newly-changed adsorbent failure in the Air Centre of Lin Yuan (active aluminium oxide 13X) and dew point question. 2. Supplier's future plan: a. The Residue Gasfication Plant oxide zinc losing efficiency case: It is unable to get rid of the organic sulphide, to add a deorganic sulphide tank. b. Both customer demand and complaints feedback on the ROC and RFCC downstream user: The application of arsenic and sulfide removal adsorbent. 3. Exceeding the capacity of designing: Da Lin Fifty, and Sixth Catalyst Reforming Plant (adsorbent of chlorine), Tao Yuan RFCC, Da Lin Sixth Catalyst Cracking Plant (adsorbent of dehydration of catalyst regeneration air), Lin Yuan Aromatic Plant (molecule sieve of decarbonyl 13X). 4. Impurities cause the adsorbent to lose efficiency: Tao Yuan Isomerization Plant (MTBE), Kao Hsiung Gas Purification Plant (methanol, regeneration resume performance), Da Lin Isomerization Plant (sulphide, regeneration resumes performance), Tao Yuan RFCC Plant (moisture). 5. Incomplete recovery and reuse of the sieve with loss in activity. 6. To break the monopoly on process and adsorbent with the competitive bidding reduces the purchase cost. 7. Finding out the cases/solutions and sharing our knowledge and experience with others.