- 期刊
永續航空燃油之發展及應用現況
Current Developments and Applications of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
摘要
全球減碳已成難以避免的趨勢，航空業碳排佔比雖不高，但為達到淨零碳排之目標，國際組織包括國際民航組織（ICAO）、國際航空運輸協會（IATA）及歐盟等皆針對航空業碳排提出因應措施，而永續航空燃油（SAF）更被視為航空業減碳的關鍵工具。目前，ASTM已核准多種SAF製程，包括HEFA、FT、ATJ製程等，這些製程使用不同永續原料，如廢食用油、植物油、農業殘留物等生產烷烴類航空燃油。此外，低碳航空燃油（LCAF）是以化石燃料為基礎，透過不同技術降低航空燃油的碳排放量。SAF最低使用比例的規定將於2025年在歐盟區域正式啟動，同時透過提高SAF使用來達成航空業減碳的趨勢也自歐美逐漸漫延到中東及亞洲區域，近來許多航空燃油供應商陸續取得永續性認證並規劃SAF或是LCAF的產能建置。隨著各國政府或是航空公司陸續訂定SAF使用目標並推動SAF試行計畫，台灣航空業方面，包括民航局、航空公司、航空燃油供應商也都陸續針對SAF採取因應措施。本報告旨在介紹SAF時至今日的技術發展及全球推動現況，並借鏡他人的推動政策及蒐集市場資訊，期能提供台灣SAF政策制定及供應鏈參與者一份較完整的SAF藍圖。
並列摘要
Reducing carbon emissions has become a global imperative. Although the aviation industry's contribution to overall carbon emissions is relatively small, international organizations such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the International Air Transport Association (IATA), and the European Union have proposed measures to reduce aviation-related carbon emissions in pursuit of net-zero goals. Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is considered a crucial tool for lowering carbon emissions. Currently, ASTM has approved various SAF production processes, including HEFA, FT, and ATJ, which utilize different sustainable feedstocks such as used cooking oil, plant oils, and agricultural residues to produce hydrocarbon-based aviation fuels. Additionally, Low Carbon Aviation Fuel (LCAF), which is derived from fossil fuels, utilizes various technologies to reduce carbon emissions. Regulations mandating a minimum SAF usage percentage are set to take effect in the EU in 2025. The trend of increasing SAF usage in aviation is also spreading from Europe and North America to the Middle East and Asia. Recently, many aviation fuel suppliers have obtained sustainability certifications and are planning to develop SAF or LCAF production capacities. As various governments and airlines set SAF targets and promote SAF trial programs, Taiwan's aviation sector, including the Civil Aviation Administration, airlines, and aviation fuel suppliers, are also taking proactive measures regarding SAF. This report aims to provide an overview of the current developments and market conditions of SAF. By examining policies from other regions and gathering market information, the report seeks to offer a comprehensive SAF blueprints to support the development of SAF policies and supply chains in Taiwan.