異代同悲－〈哀江南賦序〉、〈金石錄後序〉、〈陶庵夢憶序〉詮釋比較研究

庾信、李清照、張岱三人平生不幸，皆遇國運迭代、宗器隳頹，而於三篇序文中，各自款抒其意。庾信先遇侯景之亂，而愧對職守；後出使北方，卻又遇故國傾覆。致使無家國可歸，身陷自責之中。李清照身為女子，卻彷若雲彥，於承平時能醉心學問，倥傯之際，又肩負起家族危運，在其夫趙士誠亡故後，奮力求生。李清照理性地梳理其生命不可承受的悲傷往事，並以以哲理寬慰自身，以期超脫。張岱前半生乃極愛繁華的紈絝子弟，然於天命之年，國破家亡，窮困潦倒，恍如隔世。亟言繁華過眼，總成一夢。三人取徑不同，然則其哀一也。本文以詮釋批評的角度，將三篇文章並置同觀，分就文學技巧、義理哲思、分析〈哀江南賦序〉、〈金石錄後序〉、〈陶庵夢憶序〉三篇，同一文體、相類主題，於時代洪流中的先後變化與各自偏重，並進而開展出新的詮釋意義。

關鍵字

〈哀江南賦序〉；〈金石錄後序〉；〈陶庵夢憶序〉；序

並列摘要

Yu Xin, Li Qingzhao, and Zhang Dai had suffering experiences in the alteration of dynasties and in the face of drooping royal authority. They expressed their personal feelings in their separate prefaces. Yu Xin encountered the Houjing Rebellion and felt failing to his duty. Then, Yu Xin was sent as an envoy to a northern nation and saw his nation overthrown. Without no homeland to return to, Yu Xin fell into deep remorse. Li Qingzhao is an extraordinary female talent. In periods of peace and prosperity, Li Qingzhao dedicated herself to study; whereas when things became complicated after her husband Zhao Shicheng died, she shouldered the fate of the family and struggle to survive. Li Qingzhao rationally compiled her overwhelming grief in the past, and comforted herself philosophically in the hope of transcending the mortal world. Zhang Dai was a rich playboy in his early life. However, at his fifties, his country was overthrown and family no more existed. Distressed and unsettled, Zhang Dai experienced another life and he loudly claimed that prosperity was nothing but a short dream. Although the three literati expressed their feelings through different approaches, their sorrow was identical. This study compared ＂Preface to Rhapsody on Sorrow in Jiangnan,＂＂Later Preface of Jinshilu,＂ and ＂Preface to Dreams of Tao An＂ from interpretation and critics perspectives by analyzing their connotations, implied philosophy, and literary techniques. The same literature genre and similar topics unfolded new interpretation implications among different dynasties.