- 期刊
甲醛家族中毒二案例報告－假酒與福馬林
Formaldehyde Group Intoxication-Two Cases Report
摘要
甲醇是一種極易揮發且廣泛使用於工業用途的溶劑。在台灣因容易取得，所以中毒者並不在少數。誤食甲醇可導致早期的神經學表徵和晚期毒性徵狀(上标 [1-2])。早期神經學表徵包含嗜睡、混亂、狀似宿醉，不易與飲用乙醇作分辨。晚期毒性症狀則包含胃腸道不適及視力異常。實驗室檢查呈現高陰離子間隙合併高滲透壓濃度間隙的代謝性酸中毒。能否早期診斷出甲醇中毒乃視臨床醫師對病史的仔細詢問且高度懷疑，對預後有著極大的影響。治療方面主要著重於矯正代謝性酸血症、避免甲醇代謝物的產生及移除毒性物質。我們報告兩個案例：案例一為48歲酒癮病患誤飲甲醇，由於延遲送醫，以致錯過急救黃金期，死於甲醇中毒急性期。案例二為16歲少女，因自殺意念而飲用福馬林（甲醛），因及早接受治療，遂得以存活且沒有存留任何視覺或神經學上的後遺症。
並列摘要
Methanol is a volatile liquid used widely in industrial products. Methanol intoxication is very common because of its easily commercial availability in Taiwan. Ingestion of methanol could induce early neurological symptoms and late toxidromes. The early neurological symptoms are lethargy, delirium and hangover. The late toxidromes including gastrointestinal tract and visual disturbance. The laboratory examination revealed high anion gap and high osmolal gap metabolic acidosis. The treatment should focus on correction of metabolic acidosis, competitive inhibition of toxic metabolites rounte and elimination of toxic materials. We described two case reports, one is a 48-year-old alcoholism with ingestion of methanol died of acute stage, and the another one is a 16-year-old young girl who ingested large amount of Formaldehyde for suicide attempt, but survived without neurological defect due to early gastric lavage.