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論黑戶無依兒少身分權：由生母為外籍移工談起
Research on the Identity Rights of the Unaccompanied Unregistered Children: Discussion of whose Mothers are Migrant Workers
摘要
失聯移工在臺生子，將子女遺棄或者未幫子女申請外僑居留證，孩童即成為在臺黑戶兒少。本文將黑戶兒少分為兩種，一種是被生母遺棄的無依兒少，另一種是隨生父或生母在臺隱匿之有依兒少。本文目的為探討黑戶無依兒少處遇困境，最後嘗試提出政策建議。研究方法採質性深度訪談方式，訪談者包含移民署、社政單位、戶政單位及非政府組織人員，共計7名。研究結論發現「無依兒少」若已由社政單位處遇，他們的身分權大致已獲得解決。但外國籍之「無依兒少」需要等到尋獲生母隨同遣返回國才可以正式取得外國籍。然而仍面對兒少被迫與母親回國以及出養困難。建議包含（一）提供移工來臺前後充足訊息。（二）移工申請入臺工作時，檢附婚姻狀況證明。（三）以移工角度為出發點，彈性建立移工妊娠檢查制度及懷孕移工相關配套措施。（四）建議我國採行全面新生兒出生登記，不分國籍。（五）彈性調整民法婚生推定制度。
並列摘要
If a missing migrant worker in Taiwan who abandoned a child or did not applied for residence permit to her child, the child will become unregistered children. This article divides the unregistered children into two types: one is abandoned by their birth mothers called unaccompanied children, and the other is children hidden by birth parents called accompanied children. This paper exams the types and difficulties of these children. The research method was qualitative in-depth interviews. The interviewees including immigration officials, social welfare workers, and NGOs. The study concluded that cases were managed by the social welfare officials have generally been resolved. This study suggests that: 1. the government should provide full information before and after workers coming to Taiwan. 2. migratnt workers should provide their marriage status document when coming to Taiwan. 3. Providing pregnant test as a way let workers knowing their personal physical situation and provide services with pregnant workers. 4. requiring all newborn babies with birth registered without nationality difference. 5. Changing the presumption of legitimacy policy.