孟姜女故事形塑的女性文化及其在歌仔冊文本的呈現

自顧頡剛起，孟姜女故事研究迄今已過八十年，無論是從故事源流發展、各種文類的異同，或與宗教民俗的關係等角度探討，都已經形成熱烈的討論，持久不衰。本文一方面著眼於流傳在台灣的孟姜女歌仔冊的內容，另方面也希望借用女性主義的一些觀點，重新解讀孟姜女故事，並藉此觀察歌仔冊文本對孟姜女故事的承襲與改創情形。除前言與結語外，正文將首先介紹兩大圖書館所藏的孟姜女歌仔冊，而後以「眼淚是女人的武器」、「女英雄歷險記」、「殉夫的宿命」等議題，探討孟姜女故事形塑的女性文化及其在歌仔冊文本的呈現情形。

關鍵字

孟姜女；歌仔冊；俗文學；女性研究；敘事

並列摘要

Since Gu Jie-gang's noted research, the study of the story of Meng Jiang Nyu has been's around for 80 years. Topics dealt with include the story's different sources and development, textual variations, and related religious or folk custom issues. This paper investigates the story as represented in different Taiwanese ”Ge Zi Ce” texts, using relevant feminist concepts. It observes how the ”Ge Zi Ce” inherites and recreates the story of Meng Jiang Nyu. The paper introduces two ”Ge Zi Ce” versions of the story found in different libraries, then proceeds to inquire the female culture that the Meng Jiang Nyu story shows. It specifically discusses the following issues: ”tears are women's weapon,” ”a heroine's ordeal,” and ”the fated death with a deceased husband.”