Starting from the opinions of Qiao Chao (201-270), this article examines how Shu Han's ethnic policy and regional conflicts led to its downfall. Instead of reconciling clashes within the regime, Zhuge Liang (182-234) and his successors chose to maintain control through adopting military rule, which were reflected by the Southern and the Northern Expeditions. Why Jiang Wei (202-264) seldom went to the capital? Why Qiao Chao cried for surrender? Why the Shu Emperor gave up the idea of retreating to the south? From this approach, we shall apprehend these strange acts in an easier way.