- 期刊
市售增稠劑和不同飲品在花蜜狀和蜂蜜狀的濃稠度調查及在時間下的變化
Viscosity of Commercial Thickeners in Combination with Different Beverages of Honey- and Nectar-like Consistency and Their Change Over Time
摘要
研究背景及目的：吞嚥困難的病人經常在喝水時容易嗆咳，使用增稠劑增稠水或者飲品是臨床語言治療師常用的代償手法之一，但國外研究顯示，增稠劑的增稠效果常會因不同的增稠劑或加入不同的飲品而有影響。本研究調查台灣市售增稠劑加入不同飲品中，在花蜜狀和蜂蜜狀的濃稠度是否會隨著時間改變，並檢視這些樣本是否符合美國飲食協會（American Dietetic Association）的國家吞嚥困難飲食（National Dysphagia Diet, NDD）中花蜜狀和蜂蜜狀的標準。研究方法：本研究使用黏度計（Brookfield RVDV-II+Pro viscometer）搭配小樣品套件（small sample adaptor）和恆溫水槽來測量濃稠度，測量的溫度設定在25℃，剪切率設定為50 s^(-1)，測量的時間點為樣本靜置兩分鐘、十分鐘、三十分鐘，樣本為五種市售增稠劑，快凝寶、吞樂美、多樂蜜、三多及易凝素，根據產品調配說明，分別用綠茶、葡萄汁、無糖豆漿和亞培安素配方調配成花蜜狀和蜂蜜狀兩種濃稠度。研究結果：結果顯示，不管是花蜜狀或是蜂蜜狀，市售增稠劑不管加入何種飲品，大多數樣本的濃稠度都會隨著時間變稠。而且以兩分鐘時的樣本濃稠度來看，多數增稠劑加入葡萄汁時較稀，加入亞培安素配方最稠。將台灣市售增稠劑加入四種飲品在花蜜狀和蜂蜜狀的結果和美國NDD的標準做比較，所有樣本的花蜜狀都符合美國NDD的標準，蜂蜜狀則只有易凝素加入亞培以及三多分別加入葡萄汁、豆漿和亞培的結果過稠，落在布丁狀的範圍內。結論：本研究有助於了解市售增稠劑加入不同飲品時增稠效果的改變，並提供臨床語言治療師和吞嚥困難病人及家屬，在備製增稠液體時需要注意的事項。
並列摘要
Objective: This study investigated the viscosity of four beverages (green tea, grape juice, sugar-free soy milk, and Ensure®) thickened to a nectar- and honey-like consistency with five thickening products (Resource® Thickenup® Clear, Toromeal, Toromi-up, eNutrition, and Sentosa) marketed in Taiwan. The sample viscosity over time was compared. Furthermore, the results were compared with the guidelines of National Dysphagia Diet (NDD) established by the American Dietetic Association. Methods: The viscosity was measured using the Brookfield RVDV-II+ Pro viscometer with small sample adaptor, shear rate set at 50 s-1, temperature at 25℃. Results: The results showed that almost all thickening products in the four beverages thickened more over time. Ensure® became the thickest when combined with the thickening products, whereas grape juice showed the least viscosity. The viscosity of most samples with nectar- and honey-like consistency matched the NDD guidelines. Conclusion: This study provides clinical practitioners with clinical data regarding the characteristics of thickening products and their interaction with beverages used in Taiwan.