- 期刊
- OpenAccess
大果油茶果採後處理方式對油茶籽油品質的影響
Effects of Post-Harvest Treatment on the Quality of Camellia oleifera Seed Oil
摘要
由於國內油茶採果後處理方法沒有統一的標準，相關研究也較為缺乏，為進一步完善油茶採果後處理技術體系，本研究探討大果油茶（Camellia oleifera）果採摘後種籽經不同乾燥法，含烘乾、蔭乾、直接曝曬、不同光質晾曬（黑網及藍網）等，對種仁油之得油率及油脂品質之影響。比較5種油茶果採後乾燥處理方式，茶籽除了含水率有明顯差異，以烘乾法4.58%最低，氧化穩定性有些微差異，其它油品品質因子與脂肪酸組成等皆無明顯差異，可能是因為本次所採收之果實多為成熟果所致，因此這些採後之後熟處理對油脂之累積或改善沒有促進作用。依本試驗結果建議，油茶採果後應即時脫殼取籽進行乾燥處理，遇到陰雨天氣時脫殼後低溫烘乾，以防止油脂品質的劣變，獲取穩定而高品質之油脂。
並列摘要
In Taiwan, there is no standard for post-harvest treatment of Camellia oleifera fruit and related research is lacking. This study investigated the effect on oil yield and quality of different drying methods of C. oleifera fruit after harvest, including hot-air dehydrating, shade drying, direct sunning, and open-air drying using both black and blue netting. Comparing these 5 drying methods revealed significant variation in the resulting moisture content of seeds, with the lowest moisture recorded being 4.58% for hot-air dehydration. Slight variations of oxidative stability were also observed, but no significant differences in other oil qualities such as oil content, acid value, and fatty acid composition, were recorded. This may be because the fruits were harvested as mature fruit. These results suggest that post-harvest and post-ripening treatments have no significant effect on the accumulation or improvement of oils. Based on our findings, the shells and seeds of C. oleifera should be removed immediately after harvesting for drying. In case of rainy weather, the shells should be shelled then dried at low temperature to prevent the deterioration of oils and to obtain stable and high-quality oil.