小規模多機能服務模式可行性探討

小規模多機能屬於長期照顧服務中的社區式照顧服務，本研究以修正式德菲法為研究方法，以專家學者、實務工作者、政府單位為研究對象，研擬小規模多機能服務可行性問卷。研究結果顯示，小規機服務模式可行性指標可分為需求面、供給面、經營面三大面向，需求面共有14項指標；供給面12項指標；經營面38項標。研究亦發現：小規機提供長輩和家屬多元服務滿足需求，應鼓勵單位投入；照顧人力不足，限縮服務提供，影響民眾權益；小規模多機能的分項給付方式不利於服務發展。本研究根據研究結果與發現，提供相關建議：支持服務單位以複合式方式經營，人力互相支援；或者提供服務津貼、修改成包辦制度吸引人力；且政府應協助建立個案討論交流平台，以利服務推展，並吸引服務單位的投入。

關鍵字

小規模多機能；修正式德菲法；社區式長照服務；多元照顧服務模式；可行性研究

並列摘要

Small-size multi-function is a kind of community-based long-term care service. This research adopts the Modified Delphi methodology to the questionnaire, aiming at evaluating the feasibility indicators of small-size multi-function services. The research objects are scholars, participants and government units. The results of this study are summarized as follows: The questionnaire consists of three sections: Demand, Supply and Management of small-size multi-function services. For the Demand section, there are fourteen items are recommended；For the Supply section, there are twelve items are recommended; For the Management section, there are thirty-eight items are recommended. The research also found that the service of small-size multi-function meet the needs for both elders and their family members, policy makers should encourage more institutions to provide such services. Besides, the small-size multi-function services are experiencing a shortage of care attendants, which damages people's rights. Based on the analysis results, we recommend supporting service units to operate in a complex manner to achieve sufficient manpower, providing service subsidies, or modifying the contracting system to attract manpower. Finally, the government should help establish a platform for case discussion and exchange to promote service.

並列關鍵字

Small size multi function ； Modified Delphi Method ； Community based long term care service ； Multifunctional Service ； Feasibility Study

參考文獻

Bowen, D. J., Kreuter, M. W., Spring, B., Cofta-Woerpel, L., Linnan, L., Weiner, D., Bakken, S., Kaplan, C. P., Squiers, L., Fabrizio, C., & Fernandez, M. E. (2009). How we design feasibility studies. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 36(5), 452–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2009.02.002

Murry, J.W. and Hammons, J.O. (1995) Delphi: A Versatile Methodology for Conducting Qualitative Research. The Review of Higher Education, 18, 426-436.https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1995.0008

中華民國老人福利推動聯盟（2015）。〈小規模多機能服務暨團體家屋輔導計畫〉。臺北市。