- 期刊
中日漢字知識庫：漢字傳播與擴散觀點
The Knowledgebase of Chinese and Japanese Characters: Based on Dissemination and Spread Perspective
摘要
漢字知識庫不僅是漢字研究的資源，也是描述和保存珍貴漢字文化的重要方式。漢字不僅用來記錄漢語，其它語言也借用漢字，其中，日語是至今仍然普遍使用漢字的語言，為了表達日語，漢字的使用產生變化，但是現在的中日漢字資料庫只重視字形和字碼，未能保存漢字在日本的傳播與變化之文化價值和意義。本研究提出以漢字傳播與擴散角度，建立中日漢字知識庫，優點是可以呈現漢字在日本的使用變化、漢字與日語的關係，保存漢字傳播的文化意義。本研究以日本教育漢字為範圍，以歷時的方式表達漢字在日語使用，完成中日漢字字形、字音和字義借用關係、漢字假名、最初出現在日本那些字書、中日漢字詞素義比較、中門漢字構詞異同、江戶和明治時期的異體字書知識庫，並與《教育部異體字字典》連結，以異體字族和歷時的方式，比較中日異體字的使用變異。本研究建立的中日漢字知識庫，呈現較現有中日漢字資料庫更為精緻的內容，不僅可以描述漢字在日本的傳播，還可以應用到其它使用漢字的地區和語言，提供漢字與詞彙在計算機知識表達研究的新方向。
並列摘要
Chinese characters database is a great resource for Sinology and an important way for describing the usage of Chinese characters and preserving the culture of Chinese characters. Chinese characters are being used not only in Mandarin but also in other languages. For instance, Chinese characters are still widely used in Japanese language. However, they have been modified when they are used in other languages. Most designs of Chinese and Japanese Kanji databases focus on expressing the glyphs and codes, but these databases could not preserve the varied implications and cultural values through the use of Kanji in Japan.The purpose of this research is to establish a knowledge base to represent the dissemination and variation of Chinese characters in Japan. This knowledge base can represent the variation of Chinese characters used in Japan, the relation between Chinese characters and Japanese, and the cultural significance of the spread of Chinese characters. The content of the knowledge base built in this study includes the spread of glyphs, pronunciations and senses of Chinese characters, Man'yogana, the morphological differences of words in Chinese and Japanese, the variants of the dictionary in Edo and Meiji period, the connection with Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants of Ministry of Education. The design of this study can not only be used to represent the usage of Chinese characters in Japan, but also can be applied to other area and language.