牙周病是傳染病嗎？文獻回顧

Is Periodontitis a Contagious Disease? A Review of Literature

劉錦龍(Chin-Lung Liu) ； 侯連團(Lein-Tuan Hou) ； 劉謙美(Cheing-Meei Liu) ； 王敏瑩(Man-Ying Wong)

《中華民國牙周病醫學會雜誌》 10卷2期 (2005/06) Pp. 165-172

https://doi.org/10.6121/CJP.200506_10(2).0008

摘要

口腔獨特的環境形成微生物複雜的相互關係。而微生物的形成是牙周病重要的危險因子，主要的牙周病致病菌與特定的革蘭氏陰性，厭氧菌有關，這些特定的致病菌是屬於外來的(exogenous)或是口腔中的正常菌種(endogenous)仍有爭議。近期分子生物技術的進步與發展有助於對細菌的偵測且能精準的分辨出基因的異質性並偵測細菌的副種類(subspecies)。口腔中微生物可能經由牙科器械或人與人之問的傳遞，包括：夫妻，親子，及兄弟姊妹間的傳遞，而唾液極可能是傳遞的媒介。本篇文章主要是在探討可能的微生物相互間傳遞路徑，及因牙周致病菌傳遞而發生牙周病感染的可能性。

關鍵字

牙周病 ； 傳染病 ； 牙周致病菌

並列摘要

Acquisition of the oral microflora begins at birth and the first bacteria found in the oral cavity are derived from the mother. Following teeth eruption, the oral cavity became a more complicated environment and established a unique ecological niche for the oral bacteria. Periodontitis is considered as infectious in nature. The presence of putative pathogens especially certain gram negative anaerobic bacteria may increase the risk of developing periodontitis. There are conflicting opinions as to whether periodontal pathogens are exogenous or endogenous inhabitants in the oral cavity. New technology provides the tools to have the chance to distinguish the subspecies groups and can further evaluate the possibility of transmission of the periodontal pathogens. This review discusses the evidence of the possible transmission routes between spouse, parents to child and among children, and the possibility of periodontitis as a contagious disease.

並列關鍵字

Transmission ； Periodontitis ； Contagious disease ； Periodontal pathogen