- 期刊
口腔硬腭區黏膜厚度之東方與西方人研究結果的比較
The Comparison of Mucosal Thickness of the Hard Palate between Eastern and Western Populations
摘要
在牙周美容與植牙手術中，上顎硬腭區常是牙醫師取得軟組織來源的主要位置；硬腭區黏膜的厚度會影響牙醫師可取得的軟組織量，進而影響手術方式與結果。在此文章中，我們探尋臺灣本土，東方與西方人的研究，來瞭解硬腭區黏膜厚度上的差異。並比較三種不同測量齒齦厚度的方式：一、骨穿刺法，二、超音波測量法，三、電腦斷層掃描影像法，其優缺點與對測量結果的影響。在這幾篇研究中，也討論了黏膜厚度與性別、年齡、腭穹窿、抽煙及牙周生物表現型等因素的關係。分析這幾篇研究，由於研究方法、測量位置、統計方式等因素的不同，我們無法簡單論述出東西方人種黏膜厚度上孰厚孰薄。但這些研究皆指出，在上顎第一大臼齒的腭側，由於有腭側牙根的隆起，因此此區域會有黏膜厚度偏薄之情形; 同時在取上顎軟組織時，也需要注意血管的走向。不論是東西方人，在硬腭區最適合作為口內軟組織供應區的部位為小臼齒附近的黏膜。
並列摘要
The hard palate usually serves as a donor site for either epithelialized mucosal grafts or subepithelial connective tissue when carrying out periodontal plastic surgery and implant surgery. The volume of harvested mucosal graft is determined by the thickness of the masticatory mucosa and the volume influences the treatment outcome as well as the surgical modality or modalities used. In this article, we searched for the studies that had investigated the thickness of the masticatory mucosa of the hard palate among Taiwanese, Eastern populations and Western populations and discussed these findings in association with several factors including gender, age, palatal vault, smoking, and the biotype of the periodontal tissue. We compared the differences identified in the various study as well as the three different methods used to measure the palatal mucosal thickness. These are the bone sounding method, the use of an ultrasonic device and the use of computerized tomography scanning. Based on the identified studies, it cannot be determined as to which specific population has thicker palatal mucosal tissue. This was due to differences in the various study methods, the different measuring points used and the variation in statistics models. However, the results of these studies do imply the presence of a thinner mucosal thickness at the palatal root of the first molar; this presents an anatomic barrier during graft harvesting. Careful attention needs to also be paid to the greater palatine artery where it runs through the hard palate. Most of the studies, both Eastern or Western, concluded that the best intraoral donor site for mucosal graft is the premolar area.