- 期刊
牙周炎和糖尿病在臺灣盛行狀況與東西方流行病學文獻回顧
The Prevalence of Periodontitis and Diabetes Status in Taiwan as Well as an East-West Epidemiological Literature Review
摘要
有鑑於世界人口逐漸高齡化，牙周病和糖尿病的人數也逐漸增加，其對人們生活的影響愈趨嚴重。此篇文獻目的在於，評估當前牙周炎和糖尿病在臺灣的盛行狀況，並做東西方牙周炎和糖尿病雙向關係在流行病學上的最新回顧，藉此探討臺灣兩種疾病盛況與全球重要國家之間的差異，同時回顧牙周炎和糖尿病相互影響的臨床證據，以做為治療牙周病患與糖尿病患的考量依據。研究結果顯示臺灣糖尿病的盛行率在3.2~9.3%之間，發病率在0.69~0.87%之間。臺灣牙周炎盛行率介於29.7~43.1%之間，中度牙周炎約占25~36%，重度牙周炎約占5~7%，臺灣兩種疾病的盛行率在全球重要國家盛行概況的平均範疇內。藉回顧文獻可明確得知糖尿病會促進牙周炎的形成和進展，而牙周炎也會惡化血糖控制和產生糖尿病併發症，在治療這類病患應在醫學及牙醫學上齊頭並進，同時著重血糖控制及口腔衛生。
並列摘要
As the world population gradually ages, the number of patients with periodontal disease and with diabetes are increasing. These diseases have serious impacts on individual's lives. The aim of this paper is to assess the current prevalence of periodontitis and diabetes in Taiwan and to review the epidemiological evidence for a two-way relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. In addition, a comparison of the differences in prevalence of these diseases in Taiwan with other countries is carried out. By clarifying the clinical evidence for the mutual interaction between periodontitis and diabetes, this will allow proper concern and exact diagnosis of periodontitis in patients with diabetes. The results showed that the prevalence of diabetes in Taiwan has been found to range from 3.2% to 9.3% with the incidence rate ranging between 0.69% to 0.87%. The prevalence of periodontitis in Taiwan has been found to range from 29.7% to 43.1%, which includes prevalence for moderate periodontitis of between 25% to 36% and for severe periodontitis of between 5% to 7%. The prevalent status of both diseases in Taiwan are similar to global average profile. A review of the literature demonstrates that diabetes is a risk factor for the initiation and progression of periodontitis. Furthermore, periodontitis also worsens glycemic control and may produce diabetes related complications. When treating patient with diabetes and periodontitis, it is definitely important to maintain oral health and to control glycemic hemoglobin levels.