- 期刊
進步的兩難：臺灣福利沙文主義特徵的經驗檢證
The Progressive's Dilemma: An Empirical Study of Welfare Chauvinism in Taiwan
摘要
此一研究主要是希望探討影響臺灣社會大眾對於移民取得福利資格的態度的因素為何。本研究主要是採用臺灣社會變遷基本調查第七期第四次調查計畫的「全球化與文化」主題調查進行分析，研究發現臺灣社會大眾認為應該要嚴格限制提供福利給移民的人口群達59.53%，比起歐盟國家來得更高。且從迴歸分析結果來看，臺灣社會大眾對於移民取得福利的態度，並非是決定於社會經濟地位與勞動市場中失業風險因素，且經濟性的福利沙文主義亦非決定民眾是否支持移民福利態度的條件。相反地，經濟上和移民上的保護主義，即排外主義，解釋了為何臺灣社會大眾為何認為應該要嚴格限制移民取得福利的資格。換句話說，臺灣目前所存在的福利沙文主義是政治性的。研究建議未來應該透過審議式民主的方式，讓臺灣社會大眾討論臺灣社會是否納入更多的移民、讓移民享有更多的福利資格等等議題。
並列摘要
This study primarily aims to explore whether the attitudes of the public in Taiwan towards immigrants' eligibility for welfare are influenced by welfare chauvinism and protectionism. The research mainly utilizes the "Globalization and Culture" theme survey from the fourth survey of the seventh phase of the Taiwan Social Change Survey for analysis. The study finds that a significant 59.53% of the Taiwanese public believes there should be strict restrictions on providing welfare to immigrants, a percentage higher than in European Union countries. Moreover, from the regression analysis results, the attitudes of the Taiwanese public towards immigrants obtaining welfare are not determined by socio-economic status and the risk of unemployment in the labour market. Economic welfare chauvinism is also not a determining condition for whether the public supports immigrants' welfare. Conversely, economic and immigration protectionism, or xenophobia, explains why the Taiwanese public believes there should be strict restrictions on immigrants' eligibility for welfare. In other words, welfare chauvinism in Taiwan is political, rather than economic. This study proposes using deliberative democracy to facilitate public discussion on integrating immigrants into Taiwanese society and the welfare system.