台灣農地土壤品質指標之選擇與土壤品質評估方法之架構

Selected Indicators and Conceptual Framework for Assessment Methods of Soil Quality in Arable Soils of Taiwan

許正一(Z. Y. Hseu) ； 陳尊賢(Z. S. Chen) ； 蔡呈奇(C. C. Tsai)

《土壤與環境》 2卷1期 (1999/03) Pp. 77-88

https://doi.org/10.30058/SE.199903.0008

摘要

土壤品質會影響作物生產力、環境品質、及動物與人類的健康，因此評估土壤品質的優劣應以整個生態系的健康為目標。本研究乃選擇關鍵性的土壤性質，做為評估台灣農地土壤品質指標因子之最少資料組，這些土壤性質必須是易於測得的、重現性高、或以土壤轉換函數（PTF）可獲得者。考慮台灣的氣候、地形及土地利用管理型態後，篩選出一些土壤品質指標，包括A層厚度、土壤質地、總體密度、有效水份含量、團粒穩定度、pH值、導電度（EC）、有效性氮、磷、鉀、有機質含量、有效鎘、鉛、銅、鋅含量、可礦化性氮潛能、生質量碳、氮及土壤呼吸、蚯蚓的數量、及作物產量等，做為量化土壤品質之依據。評估土壤品質在架構上必須同時考量社會經濟、法律或政治上的需求性，本文建議以分級指數或計分方式來評估土壤品質的好壞，並以統計及電腦工具訂定永續土壤管理之臨界值。

關鍵字

土壤品質 ； 指標因子 ； 最少資料組 ； 評估 ； 土壤轉換函數 ； 架構 ； 分級指數 ； 永續土壤管理

並列摘要

Crop productivity, environment quality, and animal and human health are influenced by soil quality. As a result, the goal of assessment of soil quality is to maintain ecosystem health. In this study, key soil properties are selected as indicators to assess the soil quality of arable land by minimum data set (MDS) concept in Taiwan. These properties must be easily measured, high reproducible, and calculated by pedotransfer function (PTF). According to climate, landscape and land use type in Taiwan, indicators including depth of A horizon, soil texture, bulk density, available water content, aggregate stability, pH, electric conductivity (EC), available N (P or K), organic matter content, available Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn content, potential mineralization N, biomass C and N, soil respiration, number of earthworm, and soil yield are selected as indicators for assessing soil quality. This paper propose that we must consider social, economic, law or policy situation and must have a conceptual framework to assess the soil quality by methods of rating index or scorecard. The critical value of sustainable land management are also determined by statistical and computer tools.

並列關鍵字

soil quality ； indicator ； minimum data set ； assessment ； pedotransfer function ； conceptuaI framework ； rating index ； sustainable land management