"One Country, Two Systems" is a policy to solve a historical issue for the People's Republic of China. It mainly deals with the relationship between the Central Government and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region upon the return of Hong Kong, and the implementation of the basic principles of the "Hong Kong Basic Law." The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) has conducted five interpretations of the Basic Law since the Hong Kong handover. However, due to differences in jurisprudential thinking and legal interpretation, the process of interpreting the Basic Law and its results have caused conflicts with Hong Kong. After examining the controversial issue of interpretation, this article finds that when the political situation in Hong Kong changes beyond the baseline of national sovereignty, China will inevitably adopt a tough approach to governing Hong Kong and will influence the rule of law in Hong Kong through its own interpretation.