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川普執政期間COVID-19疫情發展與美中相互威脅認知之檢證分析

Development of COVID-19 During the Trump Administration and Validation Analysis of Mutual 'Threat Perceptions' Between the United States and China

摘要


本研究揉合哥本哈根學派及批判建構主義的理論,建立複合式的安全分析架構,針對美中兩國外交文件佐以「文字探勘」軟體進行分析。研究發現,在疫情時期,美國對中國的安全化論述已朝向意識形態與政治制度的差異擴散;相對來說,中國官方文件則以反對「汙名化」之軟性訴求,去除病毒「符徵」(中性的文字符號),以及意識形態「符旨」(具價值判斷的意義)兩者之間的連結,將疫情的影響拉回到公共醫療衛生的專業層面,論述的路徑則由衛生醫療拓展至跨國各領域的合作,以避免議題被「過度安全化」。

並列摘要


This study combines the theories of the Copenhagen School and critical constructivism to establish a complex security analysis framework, using "text-mining" software to analyze U.S. and Chinese diplomatic documents. It shows that during the pandemic, the U.S. security discourse on China has expanded toward the differences in ideology and political systems between the two sides. In contrast, Chinese official documents have used the soft argument against "stigmatization" to remove the link between the "signifier" of the virus and the "signified" of ideology. The Chinese rhetoric also attempted to bring the impact of the pandemic back to the professional level of public health care, with a discourse that is expanded from health care to multinational cooperation in various fields to avoid "over-securitization" of this issue.

參考文獻


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