乳房自我檢查之教導策略—文獻綜論

Systemic Review of Breast Self-Examination Instruction

楊瑞珍(Rea-Jane Yang) ； 陳美燕(Mei-Yen Chen) ； 黃璉華(Lian-Hua Huang)

《醫護科技學刊》 6卷4期 (2004/10) Pp. 314-329

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2004.6(4).2

摘要

本文旨在探討乳房自我檢查行爲之教導策略，對於增進婦女執行乳房自我檢查行爲效益的影響，以作爲未來健康專業人員設計乳房自我檢查介入性研究之參考。以文獻回顧方式，檢視從1990~2003年的醫護期刊中，符合本文設定條件的研究共有23篇；綜觀這些文獻顯示，乳房自我檢查教導的策略，有助於提昇婦女乳房自我檢查執行的頻率(frequency)、精確度(proficiency)及正確偵測出乳房模型中腫塊的數目。多篇研究顯示乳房自我檢查教導可利用乳房模型，並配合本身的乳房實際練習，增加訓練次數亦可以提昇介入效果，至於提醒策略雖然也可以增加執行率，但其效益隨著提醒的結束而降低；此外年紀較大婦女傾向於採取緩慢、徹底的方式自我檢查。本文對於參考文獻在研究方法學上的瑕疵，如研究設計、干擾變項及抽樣等問題，提出未來的研究設計應朝向前瞻性、隨機化、控制性及長期追縱等方式來努力。

關鍵字

乳房自我檢查 ； 教導

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between breast self-examination (BSE) instruction programs or strategies and women’s BSE behaviors. 23 study sources from medical and nursing journals were researched. In the articles reviewed it was shown that training programs in breast self-examination can improved frequency, proficiency and detection of lumps in a breast model. Some of articles have evidenced the relative effectiveness of practice on breast models and on the women’s own breasts in breast self-examination training; additional training sessions improve compliance and proficiency; reminders increase compliance, but the effect decreases when the reminders cease; and it is particularly important for older women to examine their breasts slowly and thoroughly. Methodological issues such as research design, confounding variables, and sample selection were shown to affect the results of these studies. Therefore, prospective, randomized, controlled, and longitudinal follow-up studies should be conducted in the future.

並列關鍵字

Breast self-examination (BSE) ； instruction

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