西班牙黃金時期鉅作《羊泉村》之慣用語中譯分析

隨著地理大發現，西班牙的社會經濟逐漸繁榮，而在藝術領域亦也出現了顯著發展，亦被稱為西班牙文學之「黃金時期」。在浩瀚繁多的文學創作裡，尤以戲劇最為蓬勃發展，像是洛佩．德．維加（Lope de Vega,1562-1635）在《羊泉村》（Fuenteovejuna）（1609-1613）一書中，便深刻描寫了羊泉村的村民反抗暴君的故事，並在最後透過天主教雙王赦免羊泉村民，展現了君王的仁慈收尾。洛佩．德．維加雖為西班牙戲劇之魁首，但在華語世界中，對於他的作品翻譯十分鮮少，此外，現存之作品譯本年代大多久遠，詞彙使用也有些不合時代之處；再加上中國南北和海峽兩岸用詞的差異，使得譯本在用字上可能造成讀者理解上的問題。另外，在句構上也可看出受到西文句構影響的痕跡，因此，本研究採用描述翻譯的研究方式，並配合「歸化」與「異化」的理論，以觀察譯者在翻譯時使用之技巧，希冀能透過此篇研究增加大眾對於經典文學譯注的認識。

關鍵字

羊泉村；洛佩．德．維加；歸化；異化；描述翻譯學

並列摘要

Between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries, the age of discovery heralded the arrival of colonialism and capitalism in Spain. Economic growth and territorial expansion led to increased prosperity, which in turn allowed the arts to flourish. During this so called ＂golden age＂ of Spanish literature, the fertile minds of literary masterminds gave rise to vast and varied creations of which drama was the most significant. Dramatists like Lope de Vega (1562-1635) made brilliant contributions to the development of Spanish drama. In his masterpiece Fuenteovejuna (1609-1613), Lope de Vega provided a fictionalized account of the Fuenteovejuna rebellion. In Fuenteovejuna, Lope de Vega conveyed his political ideals and expressed his empathy toward the peasants. Although Lope de Vega is the master of Spanish drama, only a few hundred of his plays have been passed down to this day. Moreover, in the Chinese-speaking world, most of the existing translations are antiquated, and the usage of vocabulary is somewhat out of date. Therefore, this research will adopt ＂Descriptive Translation Studies＂ as the research method, which considers translation far more than simply the transition between symbols. Each translation is produced under a specific cultural background. Any description and practical interpretation of translation practice cannot be separated from its inherent context. Hence, this study will use this theory as the basis, and try to use the techniques of ＂domesticating translation and foreignizing translation＂ to analyze the translation of Fuenteovejuna. Nowadays, the investigations about the translation of ＂Fuenteovejuna＂ are relatively rare in Taiwan and in China; therefore, we hope that through this paper, we can increase the public's understanding and interest of classic literature and promote the reading of these masterpieces.