- 期刊
Recovery and Disposal of Discarded Tires in the Taiwan Area
廢輪胎回收清除處理與登革熱防治
摘要
近年來，台灣地區都市化及工商業化後，廢棄輪胎與日俱增，每年至少產生350萬條廢棄車胎及650萬條廢機車胎，廢輪胎不易腐化，隨意棄置後，成爲登革熱病媒主要孳生場所。爲建立廢輪胎回收清除處理制度，同時防止登革熱病媒孳生，行政院環境保護署依廢棄物清理法訂定「廢輪胎回收清除處理辦法」，明訂輪胎製造業、輸入業、交通工具輸入業及輪胎販賣業必須負責廢輪胎回收清除處理工作，同時得成立基金，依輪胎尺寸預繳押胎處理費，來執行回收清除處理工作。自1991年至1993年輸胎相關業者每年皆達到政府公告之回收率(50~80%)，同時在切碎後再利用，值得一提的是高雄市政府環保局將回收八萬條大型廢輸胎製成海岸消波堤，成爲回收再利用成功之範例，1988年在南部登革熱流行地區斑蚊調查結果。廢輪胎佔所有積水容器的8.8%，而積水容器中孳生斑蚊也以廢輪胎最高；陽性率達28.4%，經由建立回收清除體系後，於1991年再行調查得知，隨意棄置之廢輸胎及孳生斑蚊情況已大幅下降，僅佔所有積水容器的3.5%，陽性率也降至8.1%，由此顯示有系統辦理廢輪胎回收清除處理工作，可減少病媒孳生，防止登革熱流行。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Urbanization and industrialization has resulted iii a vast amount of artificial water containers in Taiwan, especially discarded automobile tires. 3.5 million automobile tires and several million motorcycle tires are discarded annually. The discarded tires contaminate the environment and also become a substantial number of breeding sites for the dengue vector mosquitoes. In order to establish a sound system for the recovery and disposal of discarded tires and to control dengue fever through source reduction, it has been emphasized that users must pay for their waste, It is necessary to recover and properly dispose of these discarded tired. The commercial firms which sell or manufacture tires are therefore advised to cooperate with the Environmental Protection Administration of the Executive Yuan, R. O. C. and follow the ”Regulations of Recovery and Disposal of Discarded Tires”. They are requested to establish foundations for the recovery of discarded tires. Those who are willing to join should prepay a deposit or related charge by the size of tire, which is imported or locally manufactured. The foundation utilizes the deposits for the recovery and disposal of discarded tires. From 1991 to 1993 the commercial tire firms had already achieved the 80% recovery rates declared by the authorities concerned. Some of the tires, after having been recovered, were recycled in the original form and the rest were cut into small pieces for recycling after physical treatment, It should be mentioned that the Department of Environmental Protection of Kaohsiung City has collected 80 thousand discarded automobile tires to be used as ocean jetty. Inspections of Aedes larvae show that the container index of Aedes dropped from 28.4% in 1989 to 8.1% in 1991. The percentage Aedes breeding sites was 8.8% for discarded tires in 1989 and then in 1991 dropped to only 3.5%.