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蠶沙之本草考察及藥理研究

The Studies of Pentsaology and Pharmacology on Tsan Sha

摘要


蠶沙係動物性藥材,自古即入藥,至今在中醫師處方藥中仍受重視;蠶沙(Excrementum Bombycis)始載於名醫別錄為蠶蛾科昆蟲家蠶(Bombyx mori L.)之乾燥糞便,能祛風濕,主治風濕痛,臨床上用為鎮靜,鎮痛藥。 本研究除了上述之本草學及動物學考察外並根據古本草及臨床上之藥效記載作如下相關藥理實驗: 蠶沙的水及乙醇粗抽液 (1)毒劑量試驗:口服LD50大於10g/kg,故其近乎無毒。 (2)利用對hexobarbital誘發睡眠時間的延長,顯示具有鎮靜作用。 (3)小白鼠醋酸扭體試驗;能減少扭體次數,顯示具有鎮痛作用。綜合上述蠶沙具有鎮靜,鎮痛等作用;與古文獻及臨床應用記載之療效一致。

關鍵字

蠶沙 鎮痛 鎮靜

並列摘要


Tsan Sha ”the silkworm feces” is a traditional Chinese medicine which first came into use in the ancient. The research work contains pentsaological study on Tsan Sha and pharmacological study on the commercially available species in Taiwan. Tsan Sha was first reported in Ming-Ioryi-Pieh-Lu and then in the pentsa of descendant dynasties. It was believed to have sedative and analgesic effects. According to the pharmacological experiments, the results are shown as following: (a) The water extract (EBw) and alcohol extract (EBa) of Excrementum Bombycis could prolong the sleeping time induced by hexobarbital in mice and the effect of EBa is stronger than EBw. It will prove that they are sedatives. (b) The writhing response stimulated by 1% acetic acid in mice, EBw and EBa also have analgesic effect. To sum up, EBw、EBa should be used in different prescription for clinical application. This study has provided useful information that EB is animal feces but it still have something surplus value.

並列關鍵字

Tsan Sha analgesic effect sedative effect

參考文獻


那琦、謝文全(1977)。重輯名醫別錄。中國藥學研究所。
唐陳藏器、那琦、謝文全、林麗玲(1988)。重輯本草拾遺。華夏文獻資料出版社。
那琦、謝文全、李一宏(1989)。重輯嘉祐補註神農本草。中國醫藥學院中國藥學研究所。
唐慎微撰、艾校定、吳家鏡譯述(1977)。史證類備用本草。臺南:正言出版社。
唐慎微撰、張存惠重刊(1974)。重修政和經史證類備用本草。南天書局有限公司。

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