- 期刊
另一種戰士：亞裔美國居民之相對劣勢的變遷
Warriors of a Different Kind: The Changing Relative Disadvantage of Asian American Men
摘要
本研究使用1940年和1990年美國人口普查資料，比較男性華裔居民、日裔、及美國白人在從業身份、薪資與年收入等社會經濟地位的表現，以探討亞裔居民在美國勞動市場中遭受之相對劣勢及其變遷的情形。經整理相關的理論與實際的資料分析，總括來說，結果顯示William J. Wilson所提出的種族重要性式微理論(1980)，頗能適用於這段期間的亞裔美國居民：經過半世紀的轉變，其種族身份所造成的不利影響，已明顯地減弱了。雖然，出生地的差別仍影響著亞裔們的成就；他們在勞動市場中的競爭優勢，也似乎仍有賴其高於平均水準的教育程度；但經比較五十年前後的差別，變化是非常明顯的。尤其，今日出生於美國境內的華裔居民，甚至已擁有些微的相對優勢。這樣的轉變，雖有其他條件的配合，但亦需歸功於早期的亞裔移民，這群「另一種戰士」，已然改變了他們下一代的命運，在美國社會中日漸茁壯。
並列摘要
Using the 1940 and 1990 PUMS data sets, we investigate wages, earnings, and the distributions of class category among Chinese Americans, Japanese Americans, and white men in U.S. labor market. The 1940 results suggest that Chinese and Japanese American men were clearly disadvantaged relative to white men in regard to labor market attainments. By 1990, however, most of these disadvantages have been eliminated, Further, Chinese Americans men have even become slightly advantaged in some respects. We do not mean to argue that racial status is not important anymore, nor is the racial bigotry entirely absent from the American society. But we believe that our results support the applicability of William J. Wilson’s theory (1980) to the socioeconomic history of Chinese and Japanese American men. In the labor market attainments of these two Asian groups, a declining significance of race has occurred, in part thanks to the persistent efforts of previous generations of these Asian American ”warriors of a different kind.”