- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Efficacy of Essential Oils against Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) under the Laboratory Conditions in Chitwan, Nepal
精油在實驗室環境下對四紋豆象（Callosobruchus maculatus（F.））的防治效力
摘要
The lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus subsp. Culinaris), a legume, is commonly grown and consumed in Nepal. The cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius, is the major insect pest that threatens effective legume storage in Nepal. A laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of six different essential oils (soybean oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, clove oil, rapeseed oil, and sesame oil) against damage by cowpea weevil. All the essential oils were applied at 5 mL/kg of lentil, and all substantially reduced the number of damaged seeds and weight loss compared to the untreated control. The lowest grain damage and weight loss (measured by mean damaged grains and percentage weight loss per kilogram, respectively) were observed in the lentils treated with clove oil (5.00, 0.10), and the effects were statistically similar to those of soybean (7.33, 0.16), sunflower (7.66, 0.16), mustard (8.00, 0.22), olive (8.33, 0.17), and sesame (8.66, 0.13) oil. The smallest number of mean live beetles per kilogram was observed in the lentils treated with clove oil (0.00) and olive oil (0.00), followed by those treated with mustard oil (0.33), soybean oil (0.33), and sunflower oil (1). All essential oils effectively controlled cowpea weevils in stored lentils, but the clove oil produced the best results in reducing cowpea weevil damage under storage conditions.
並列摘要
小扁豆（Lens culinaris）在尼泊爾是被普遍種植和食用的豆類之一。四紋豆象（Callosobruchus maculatus）在尼泊爾是豆類儲倉中的主要害蟲。本實驗評估六種不同的精油（丁香、橄欖、芥子、黃豆、葵花籽和芝麻）對抗四紋豆象的功效。與對照組比較，所有精油以5mL/kg的施用率處理小扁豆可明顯減少小扁豆的受損數量和其重量損失。被丁香油處理的小扁豆之受損數量與重量損失的情況最低（5.00, 0.10），此結果與大豆（7.33, 0.16）、葵花籽（7.66, 0.16）、芥子（8.00, 0.22）、橄欖（8.33, 0.17）和芝麻（8.66, 0.13）等精油的數據在統計上相似。而在被丁香油處理的小扁豆中，存活的四紋豆象之數量最少（0.00），此結果亦與橄欖（0.00）、芥子（0.33）、大豆（0.33）和葵花籽油（1）的數據在統計上相似。本研究證明，精油能有效防治四紋豆象在貯藏條件下對小扁豆之危害，而丁香油對該害蟲的防治效力最佳。