魯道夫‧奥托《神國與人子》一書的基督論及其與《論“神聖”》的關係

本文研究魯道夫‧奥托的基督論，及其與《論「神聖」》的關係。本文作者認為，在奧托宗教學者身分的背後，是神學家本質。《論「神聖」》隱藏著一個基督論；它在全書結束前最後一句近乎謎樣的話中隱隱道出：「這樣的一個人，決不只是一位先知，他就是聖子。」本文的目的，就是要找回這個被隱蔽的基督論。本文將以奥托《論「神聖」》出版之後17年才面世的另一本著作，《神國與人子》，為研究對象，這是奥托在《論「神聖」》之後的唯一基督論著作，因而很有可能深受《論「神聖」》的影響。經由研究這本基督論的著作，及其與《論「神聖」》的關係，本文想問的是：奥托是如何從《論「神聖」》一書中獲得詮釋的靈感的？而他又如何解讀基督這一位《論「神聖」》所指向的「聖子」？書中所用的方法是否與一般自由派神學家常用的歷史批判法相吻合？為了回答這些問題，本文將從奥托的生平成就說起，再進一步介紹他《神國與人子》一書，並進入該書神國及基督耶穌的論述場域，最後再一窺其基督論底蘊。

關鍵字

奧托；論神聖；基督論

並列摘要

This article investigates Rudolf Otto's Christology, and its relationship to his masterpiece The Idea of Holy. The author argues that Otto was actually a theologian notwithstanding he was known as a scholar of religion. A certain Christology is hidden behind The Idea of Holy, which ends with these enigmatic sentences: ”Such a one is more than a prophet. He is the Son”. The purpose of this article is to uncover this Christology, focusing its attention on another book by Otto written some 17 years after the publication of The Idea of Holy. Entitled The Kingdom of God and the Son of Man, this book is in fact the only book on Christology written after The Idea of Holy, and thus very possibly may be deeply influenced by the Christology therein. By studying this second book of Otto and its relation to the first one, this article actually asks the following questions: How did Otto derive his inspiration from The Idea of Holy, and how did he interpret Christ to whom The Idea of Holy refers as the Son? Does the method used in this book correspond to the historical-critical method used by most of the liberal theologians? In order to answer these questions, the article starts from a description of Otto's life. It further introduces The Kingdom of God and the Son of Man, analyzes its interpretation of the Kingdom, and finally enters into its Christology.